Goal: The overarching and interrelated goals for protecting and restoring connectivity amongst core habitat areas within the MSPA and other regional conservation areas are to: (1) Ensure the persistence of species across the preserve system and (2) Maintain ecosystem functions across the landscape.
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Complete linkage evaluations and conduct new evaluations/designs in priority linkages in all MUs by completing GIS modelling and field based assessments.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| EVAL-1 | Review methods, results, and recommendations from linkage evaluations previously conducted, refine methods as necessary, and complete recommended follow-up surveys. | In progress | |
| EVAL-2 | Complete GIS office-based assessments and/or modelling and field assessments for remaining priority linkages. | In progress | |
| EVAL-3 | Prepare or update linkage evaluations and recommendations for each linkage to inform Linkage Implementation Plans and submit to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Linkage Evaluations completed by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Based on linkage evaluations, prioritize linkages for implementation action
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| EVAL-1 | Prioritize linkages based on regional importance, level of threat, and species and habitats supported. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Priority Linkages Identified by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Starting in 2018, use results of linkage evaluations and available species modelling to prepare Linkage Implementation Plans that identify and prioritize specific short- and long-term actions to protect, maintain or restore connectivity for target species. Identify the type of monitoring strategy to evaluate linkage function.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Plans will include spatially explicit linkage designs and prioritized short- and long-term implementation actions to complete linkages (land acquisitions, wildlife crossing infrastructure, habitat restoration, culvert maintenance, adding structures for small vertebrates). | in progress | Regional Linkage Evaluation and Prioritization |
| PRP-2 | Identify long-term monitoring strategy for each linkage (spatial assessment, Inspect and Manage, Quantitative monitoring). | in progress | Regional Linkage Evaluation and Prioritization |
| PRP-3 | Linkage plans may consolidate linkages when several are in close proximity. | in progress | Regional Linkage Evaluation and Prioritization |
| PRP-4 | Submit data and reports to MSP web portal. | in progress | Regional Linkage Evaluation and Prioritization |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Linkage Implementation Plans completed for Priority Linkages by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2017, implement linkage enhancement actions outlined in completed linkage evaluations and linkage implementation plans
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | As funding becomes available, implement actions based on monitoring studies and Linkage Implementation Plans to improve connectivity for target species, including maintaining culverts, installing directional wildlife fencing, restoration, and land acquisition. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Linkage improvement recommendations implemented for priority linkages by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Monitor effectiveness of enhancement actions implemented to improve connectivity for target species at priority linkages.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets, analyses and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Linkage enhancement monitoring reports submitted | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 11
Beginning in 2017, begin implementation of high priority pre-construction connectivity monitoring and management actions identified in the SR 94 Wildlife Infrastructure Plan (CBI 2015) and use this information in discussions with Caltrans on the design and location of wildlife infrastructure improvements.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Distinguish range of actions identified in SR 94 Wildlife Infrastructure Improvement Plan that can be implemented in advance of SR 94 improvements, such as wildlife fencing, culvert maintenance, or habitat restoration. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Work with Caltrans to discuss and evaluate locations and designs for wildlife crossing structures to inform road improvement design studies and plans as they are initiated. | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildlife connectivity enhancements (fencing, culvert maintenance, restoration) initiated along SR 94 by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 11
Monitor effectiveness of actions implemented to improve connectivity for target species across SR-94.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | .Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets, analyses and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Linkage enhancement monitoring reports submitted | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 4, 5
Work with Caltrans to use results of monitoring studies on SR 67 to identify design specifications and precise locations for wildlife underpasses (and necessary directional fencing) of adequate size, design and orientation for deer, mountain lion and small animals along high priority areas of SR 67. As part of this effort, identify land protection needs to further protect connectivity across SR 67.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Use connectivity monitoring data and modelling to complete SR 67 Wildlife Infrastructure Improvement Plan, which will include specific siting recommendations for the location of wildlife crossing structures, along with identification of structure type and design criteria. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | Identify several options for locations and structure type for each crossing to allow transportation engineers flexibility. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize lands for potential acquisition from willing sellers that retain connectivity across SR-67 and in the surrounding area. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildlife Infrastructure Improvement Plan completed for SR 67 by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 4, 5
Implement high priority pre-construction connectivity monitoring and management actions in SR67 Wildlife Infrastructure Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Distinguish range of actions identified in SR 67 Wildlife Infrastructure Improvement Plan that can be implemented in advance of SR 67 widening improvements, such as wildlife fencing, culvert maintenance, habitat restoration, or land acquisition. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project meta data and management actions and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildlife connectivity enhancements (fencing, culvert maintenance, restoration, land acquisition) initiated along SR 67 by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 4, 5
Monitor effectiveness of actions implemented to improve connectivity for target species across SR-67.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets, analyses and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Linkage enhancement monitoring reports submitted to MSP web portal | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
Beginning in 2019, conduct follow up monitoring to re-assess the effectiveness of added structure on the use of underpasses by small vertebrate species (USGS 2014). Based on results of the study, develop
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV-1 | Perform an assessment of the current condition of small mammal structure placed at the 4 undercrossings in 2012, and make repairs as needed. | Available for implementation | |
| DEV-2 | Conduct camera trap studies in the same locations at each undercrossing for a minimum of six months. | Available for implementation | |
| DEV-3 | Prepare report summarizing results and providing recommendations on best practices for enhancing small mammal use of undercrossings. | Available for implementation | |
| DEV-4 | Submit project meta data, monitoring datasets and report to MSP web portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Best practices for improving small mammal use of undercrossings completed by 2019 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Develop Quantitative linkage monitoring approach using best available science to document wildlife use, and to identify threats and management actions to enhance connectivity for priority linkages and prepare a monitoring plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Utilize data from USGS, CBI, SDSU, UCD-WHC and SDTT studies to compare detection of species and develop a long-term quantitative monitoring strategy to document wildlife use of priority linkages and chokepoints. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-2 | Integrate monitoring efforts and data from other regional monitoring efforts where there is overlap, as appropriate (SDTT, Feral Pig monitoring program, SR 67 Study, other species specific connectivity monitoring). | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-3 | Submit meta data, data and monitoring plan to MSP web portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Linkage Monitoring Plan in place by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Implement quantitative linkage monitoring using best practices for priority linkages
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, data, and monitoring report to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring reports submitted annually | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10
Work with land managers and Caltrans to develop and qualitative "Inspect and Manage" monitoring methods for priority wildlife undercrossings and choke points.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | \Work with land managers and Caltrans to identify goals and review previous undercrossing evaluation strategies. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-2 | Identify additional parameters to be incorporated into regular assessments, test methods in the field, and revise methods as necessary. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-3 | Submit project metadata and monitoring plan to MSP web portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Qualitative "Inspect and Manage" Linkage Monitoring designed and under implementation by landowners and Caltrans, where feasible, in 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10
Implement "Inspect and Manage" monitoring for priority undercrossings and choke points.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit meta data, monitoring data, and management recommendations to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Inspect and Manage reports submitted annually for priority undercrossings and choke points | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Starting in 2017, conduct bi-annual regional spatial assessment to identify how changes in land use have altered permeability of Cores and Linkages using available GIS land cover data. Use results to update connectivity objectives and priorities
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| EVAL-1 | Conduct semi-annual spatial assessments using available GIS, aerial imagery, satellite imagery, habitat suitability/climate/land facet modelling, land use and vegetation data to document how urbanization, infrastructure, and agricultural expansion are altering habitat intactness and connectivity across the MSPA, particularly in important connectivity areas. | Available for implementation | Dam's test project |
| EVAL-2 | Use results of regional assessments to re-evaluate connectivity objectives as they relate to habitat restoration, land acquisition, and road infrastructure needs. | Available for implementation | Dam's test project |
| EVAL-3 | Submit project metadata, GIS datasets and report to MSP web portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Regional spatial assessment of landscape permeability of cores and linkages completed in 2017 and again in 2019 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Continue participation in regional efforts (Tri-County Habitat Connectivity Coalition) to prioritize habitat linkages and secure policy and funding in support of habitat connectivity improvements in the 3 county area.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RSUP-1 | Participate in twice yearly meetings to ensure that MSP linkages are identified as Regional Linkage Priorities. | In progress | |
| RSUP-2 | Participate in regional efforts to seek state and federal policy and funding for habitat connectivity. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Tri County Connectivity Group successful in seeking regional cooperation and funding for connectivity by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Develop a Wildlife and Roads Working Group to initiate regular communication on wildlife connectivity issues and to identify status of potential road improvement plans for priority highways and roads that pose a threat to connectivity. Identify opportunities for integrating wildlife movement studies into road planning to inform the design and placement of wildlife crossing infrastructure.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RSUP-1 | Develop and maintain a list of potential road improvement projects within the MSPA and identify and prioritize those that the group should focus on to maintain or enhance connectivity. | Available for implementation | |
| RSUP-2 | Submit meeting minutes and list of priority road improvement projects to MSP web portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildlife and Roads Working Group first meeting held in 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
Starting in 2017, reduce the potential impact of fire for at risk large populations of San Diego thornmint (see occurrence table) by reducing fuel loads of invasive annuals
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Manage thatch and invasive annuals every 3-5 years to reduce fire threat for populations of San Diego thornmint most at risk of fire (populations with ignition probability or fire frequency > 3 or that have burned since 2003) | available for implementation | Test project on production server, created by DAM 4/3/19 |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and report with management actions to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action | Test project on production server, created by DAM 4/3/19 |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Fuel Loads and Invasive Grasses Reduced for at Risk Populations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
In 2017, continue refining BMPs developed for San Diego thornmint (CBI 2014) by incorporating results of management experiments to control invasive species that threaten populations (e.g., Brachypodium removal studies at Mission Trails and South Crest) and based on research studies (e.g., seed bulking guidelines, seed transfer zones).
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV-1 | Refine BMPs prepared by CBI in the San Diego Thornmint Adaptive Management Framework (2014) by incorporating results of management experiments to control invasive species that threaten populations (e.g., Brachypodium removal and South County Grasslands projects) and based on research studies (e.g., seed bulking guidelines, seed transfer) | In progress | |
| DEV-2 | Submit project metadata, management datasets and BMP report to MSP web portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| BMPs for San Diego Thornmint Prepared by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
In 2017, continue a study begun in 2016 to characterize the population genetic structure, gene flow, and genetic diversity for San Diego thornmint occurrences (see occurrence table). The study will determine if there is evidence of mixed ploidy levels within or among occurrences; evaluate vulnerability of occurrences to genetic drift and loss of genetic diversity; assess the level of gene flow among occurrences; identify if there are signatures of genetic bottlenecks or low genetic diversity in occurrences that have undergone recent reductions; and look for evidence of local population adaptation. Based on the results of the genetic analyses, management recommendations will include whether common garden and reciprocal transplantations are necessary before proceeding with population enhancement or restoration and will provide specific recommendations for collecting, bulking and distributing seed to enhance existing occurrences or establish new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Use BMPs to collect plant material for genetic samples at San Diego thornmint occurrences on Conserved lands in the MSPA. | in progress | |
| RES-2 | Evaluate the overall long-term genetic trajectory for San Diego thornmint. | in progress | |
| RES-3 | Hold a workshop of scientists, rare plant experts, and land managers to develop management recommendations based upon the results of genetic analyses. | in progress | |
| RES-4 | Submit project metadata, genetic datasets and analyses, and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress | |
| RES-4 | Submit project metadata, genetic datasets and analyses, and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2017, Completed Genetic Study for San Diego Thornmint | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
In 2018, begin preparing a section for San Diego thornmint the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain or expand occurrences on Conserved Lands based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Prioritize management recommendations to maintain large occurrences and enhance at least 3 small occurrences (see occurrence table). Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the San Diego thornmint section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to San Diego thornmint occurrences. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence size, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for San Diego thornmint that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019 Completed Section for San Diego Thornmint in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
In 2019, begin implementing highest priority management actions identified for San Diego thornmint in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2023, =2 High Priority Management Actions Implemented for San Diego Thornmint from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
In 2019, begin monitoring the effectiveness of implementation of the highest priority management actions identified in the San Diego thornmint section of the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
In 2018, begin preparing a section for San Diego thornmint in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and recommendations from the 2016-2017 genetic study to provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing sources of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the San Diego thornmint section of the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-2 | Prepare a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, Completed Section for San Diego thornmint in the MSP Seed Collection Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
In 2019, begin implementing the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan for San Diego thornmint to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2023, =2 Highest Priority Actions Implemented for San Diego thornmint from the MSP Seed Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6
In 2017, continue field research into soils and habitat relationships and development of habitat suitability and climate change models for San Diego thornmint and other edaphic endemic plants to better understand habitat requirements and to identify and prioritize geographic areas important for connectivity, restoration, and range shifts due to climate change and other threats.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Test soils at potential expansion sites and compare to occupied reference sites to determine site suitability based on soils. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-2 | Prepare habitat suitability models under current environmental conditions and for different scenarios of climate change to delineate potential future habitat. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-3 | Collect covariate data on vegetation composition and cover (alliance and association-level mapping), soils, invasive plants and other threats for selected populations. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-4 | Prioritize locations for conservation, management, and future surveys based on predicted distributions and environmental correlates. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-5 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data and report to MSP web portal. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Refined Models and Prioritized Future Survey Locations for San Diego Thornmint by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2017, begin preparing a section for Nuttall's acmispon in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (e.g., Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Nuttall's acmispon in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-2 | Prepare a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2018, Completed Nuttall's Acmispon Section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2018, begin implementing the Nuttall's acmispon section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | Available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, =1 Highest Priority Action Implemented for Nuttall's Acmispon from the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2017, begin preparing a section for Nuttall's acmispon in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain the 5 large occurrences and to enhance at least 3 small occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than or equal to 20% absolute cover within the occurrence.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Nuttall's acmispon in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | available for implementation | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to Nuttall's acmispon occurrences. | available for implementation | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence size, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | available for implementation | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for Nuttall's acmispon that prioritizes management actions for the nex 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | available for implementation | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata, project datasets, and the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2018, Completed Nuttall's Acmispon Section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2018, begin implementing highest priority management actions identified for Nuttall's acmispon in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented for Nuttall's Acmispon from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2018, monitor effectiveness of implementing highest priority management actions identified for Nuttall's acmispon in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 8
Beginning in 2017, annually inspect San Diego ambrosia occurrences on Conserved Lands in (see occurrence table) using the regional rare plant IMG monitoring protocol to record abundance and collect habitat and threats covariate data to determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed Annually with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 8
Beginning in 2017, conduct routine management actions identified through the IMG monitoring at San Diego ambrosia occurrences on Conserved Lands in (see occurrence table). Depending on the type and level of threat, management should only be conducted as needed, not necessarily every year, and using BMPs with precautions to do no harm.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing, signage, and enforcement. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing, signage, and enforcement. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP Web Portal. |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 8
In 2020, begin preparing a section for San Diego ambrosia in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain large occurrences and expand at least 3 small occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat, threats, genetic data, and results of existing restoration efforts. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for San Diego ambrosia in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | on hold | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to San Diego ambrosia occurrences. | on hold | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence size, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | on hold | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for San Diego ambrosia that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | on hold | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata, management datasets and the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to MSP web portal | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, Completed San Diego Ambrosia Section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 8
In 2021, begin implementing highest priority management actions identified for San Diego ambrosia in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Using BMPs, conduct invasive plant control annually until success criteria are met and then as needed thereafter. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, management data and monitoring data to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2025, >1 High priority Management Actions for San Diego Ambrosia initiated from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 8
In 2021, monitor the effectiveness of highest priority management actions for San Diego Ambrosia in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 8
In 2020, begin preparing a section for San Diego Ambrosia in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (e.g., Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for San Diego Ambrosia in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | On hold | |
| PRP-2 | Prepare a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | On hold | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | On hold | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | On hold | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | On hold | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, Completed San Diego Ambrosia section in the MSP Seed Collection Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 8
In 2021, begin implementing the San Diego Ambrosia section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seed at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2025, >1 San Diego Ambrosia Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking initiated | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
From 2017 to 2021, continue genetic studies of the arroyo toad in San Diego Co. (using genetic material collected during past and present regional surveys) to evaluate the degree of genetic variation within and between populations and to possibly identify genetic bottlenecks or barriers; this information will also be used to determine source populations to use in re-establishing arroyo toads in previously occupied areas.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Continue to collect genetic samples during surveys for arroyo toad for use in examining the genetic relationship of arroyo toad in western San Diego County. | waiting for precedent action | |
| RES-2 | Analyze the genetic samples to evaluate the degree of genetic variation within and between populations and to possibly identify genetic bottlenecks or barriers. | waiting for precedent action | |
| RES-3 | Prepare management recommendations based upon the genetic analyses that maintain or enhance gene flow and genetic diversity and that identifies source populations. | waiting for precedent action | |
| RES-4 | Submit project metadata, datasets, and Arroyo Toad Genetics Study report to the MSP Web Portal. | Unknown |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Genetic samples collected from studies completed through 2021; Genetic Analysis and Report Completed by 2021. | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2020 and 2021 (assuming adequate rainfall levels), conduct comprehensive arroyo toad surveys using USGS survey protocols throughout the MSPA on Conserved Lands in known occupied and potential habitat to determine current distribution and status of arroyo toad, collect data on threats and habitat covariates, and identify management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | Survey known occupied and potantial habitat on Conserved Lands across the MSPA to determine the distribution and abundance of arroyo toad on Conserved Lands. | Available for implementation | |
| SURV-2 | Collect data on threats and identify management needs to support self-sustaining occurrences. | Available for implementation | |
| SURV-3 | Continue to collect genetic samples from all arroyo toads captured. | Available for implementation | |
| SURV-4 | Submit survey data and management recommendations to MSP web portal | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Comprehensive surveys completed for Arroyo toad by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2017, continue to convene with the working group of land managers, scientists, wildlife agencies, and local biologists knowledgeable in arroyo toad to review existing conditions of known occurrences on Conserved Lands, to prepare a plan for management of arroyo toad which considers each site, and to develop a regional monitoring strategy.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Convene working group meetings to review existing conditions of known occurrences. | in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Use habitat models developed by USGS and results from survey and genetic analyses to identify suitable areas for long-term management. | in progress | |
| PRP-3 | Conduct site visits as necessary to identify appropriate management actions. | in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an arroyo toad management plan. The plan should prioritize management actions for the next five years and detail tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, timelines, and budgets. | in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Submit management plan to MSP web portal | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Arroyo toad management plan completed by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2018, implement high priority actions identified in the Arroyo Toad Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, management actions and report to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| High priority management actions implemented for Arroyo toad | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2018, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for the arroyo toad.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of implementing high priority arroyo toad management actions determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2019, survey historic aphanisma locations to determine occurrence status; survey and delineate potentially suitable habitat for new occurrences; survey existing occurrences to identify the potential for enhancement and expansion; and at all sites collect data on occurrence status, habitat and threats and determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | At each extant occurrence, map the extent of the occurrence, collect data on abundance, map adjacent suitable habitat for potential occurrence expansion, collect covariate data on threats including estimates of cover of invasive non-native plants and trampling. | On hold | |
| SURV-2 | Submit project metadata, habitat mapping, occurrence status, habitat and threats assessments, management recommendations, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys and Report Completed by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2021, begin preparing a section for aphanisma in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (Wall 2009; KEW 2016) and provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the aphanisma section of the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Write a seed collection plan section that includes collecting seeds over multiple years and several times within a season, accumulating seeds across populations, and sampling among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from occurrences with <1,000 plants and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan section should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, Completed Aphanisma Section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2021, begin preparing a section for aphanisma in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain and expand conserved occurrences based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Prioritize management recommendations for re-establishment of historic occurrences and/or establishment of new occurrences in suitable habitat as needed to achieve at least 3 occurrences with self-sustaining populations on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table). Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the aphanisma section of the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to aphanisma populations. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon "IMG" monitoring data and baseline survey assessments of occurrence size, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | available for implementation | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon "IMG" monitoring data and baseline survey assessments of occurrence size, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for aphanisma that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 year and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata, project datasets, and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, Completed Aphanisma Section in MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
From 2017 to 2019, continue the Golden Eagle Genetics Study begun in 2014 and collect genetic samples in conjunction with eagle captures for the Golden Eagle Nesting, Foraging, and Habitat Use Study. Analyze these samples to determine the population genetic structure of golden eagles within the MSPA (see occurrence table) and their relationship to eagle populations in other parts of the western United States.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Collect blood samples from captured birds to include in a larger study of golden eagle population genetics in the western United States to determine the population genetic structure within the MSPA. Genetic parameters that can be measured include gene flow between territories, relatedness of individuals, effective breeding population size, and overall genetic diversity. Determine whether eagles produced outside the MSPA immigrate into the MSPA to establish breeding territories and evaluate genetic relationships to other eagle populations in the western United States. | in progress | Five Year Site Occupancy, Nesting Success, Movement Behavior, and Genetic Structure of Golden Eagles in Western San Diego County, California , Biotelemetry Data for Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) Captured in Coastal Southern California |
| RES-2 | Submit project metadata, datasets, and Golden Eagle Genetics Study report to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress | Five Year Site Occupancy, Nesting Success, Movement Behavior, and Genetic Structure of Golden Eagles in Western San Diego County, California , Biotelemetry Data for Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) Captured in Coastal Southern California |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Golden Eagle Genetic Study with Report Completed by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 9
As part of the burrowing owl research study, collect genetic samples to determine origin of owls and genetic population structure compared to other populations in California, Mexico, and the western U.S.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Continue to collect genetic samples during surveys for burrowing owl for use in examining the genetic relationship of burrowing owl in California, Mexico, and the western U.S. | waiting for precedent action | |
| RES-2 | Analyze the genetic samples to evaluate the degree of genetic variation within and between populations and to possibly identify genetic bottlenecks or barriers. | waiting for precedent action | |
| RES-3 | Prepare management recommendations based upon the genetic analysis that maintain or enhance gene flow and genetic diversity and that identifies source populations. | waiting for precedent action | |
| RES-4 | Submit project metadata, datasets, and Burrowing Owl Genetics Study report to the MSP Web Portal. | Unknown |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Genetic samples collected from studies completed through 2021; Genetic Analysis and Report Completed by 2021. | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 6
In 2017, continue a study begun in 2016 to characterize the population genetic structure, gene flow, and genetic diversity for Encinitas baccharis occurrences (see occurrence table). The study will determine if there is evidence of mixed ploidy levels within or among occurrences; evaluate vulnerability of occurrences to genetic drift and loss of genetic diversity; assess the level of gene flow among occurrences; identify if there are signatures of genetic bottlenecks or low genetic diversity in occurrences that have undergone recent reductions; and look for evidence of local population adaptation. Based on the results of the genetic analyses, management recommendations will include whether common garden and reciprocal transplantations are necessary before proceeding with population enhancement or restoration and will provide specific recommendations for collecting, bulking and distributing seed to enhance existing occurrences or establish new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Use BMPs to collect plant material for genetic samples at Encinitas baccharis occurrences in the MSPA. | In progress | Wed Demo |
| RES-2 | Evaluate the overall long-term genetic trajectory for Encinitas baccharis. | In progress | |
| RES-3 | Hold a workshop of scientists, rare plant experts, and land managers to develop management recommendations based upon the results of genetic analyses. | In progress | |
| RES-4 | Submit project metadata, genetic datasets and analyses, and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2017, Completed Genetic Study with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6
In 2018, begin preparing a section for Encinitas baccharis in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (Wall 2009; KEW 2016) and provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Encinitas baccharis section in the MSP Species Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | Wed Demo |
| PRP-2 | Design the seed collection plan to incorporate genetic study results and with recommendations to collect seeds over multiple years and several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, Completed Encinitas Baccharis Section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2019, begin implementing the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan for Encinitas baccharis to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, =1 Highest Priority Action Implemented for Encinitas Baccharis from the MSP Seed Collection, Banking, and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 4, 5, 8
Begin preparing a section for Encinitas baccharis in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain or expand occurrences on Conserved Lands based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Prioritize management recommendations to maintain large occurrences and enhance at least 3 small occurrences (see occurrence table). Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Encinitas baccharis section of the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to Encinitas baccharis occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence size, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for Encinitas Baccharis that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, Completed Encinitas Baccharis Section of the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
Beginning in 2019, implement highest priority management actions identified in the Encinitas baccharis section of the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented for Encinitas Baccharis from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
Beginning in 2019, monitor effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the Encinitas baccharis section of the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7, 8
In 2017, continue field research into soils and habitat relationships and development of habitat suitability and climate change models for thread-leaved brodiaea and other edaphic endemic plants to better understand habitat requirements and to identify and prioritize geographic areas important for connectivity, restoration, and range shifts due to climate change and other threats.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Test soils at potential expansion sites and compare to occupied reference sites to determine site suitability based on soils. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-2 | Prepare habitat suitability models under current environmental conditions and for different scenarios of climate change to delineate potential future habitat. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-3 | Collect covariate data on vegetation composition and cover (alliance and association-level mapping), soils, invasive plants and other threats for selected populations. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-4 | Prioritize locations for conservation, management, and future surveys based on predicted distributions and environmental correlates. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-5 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data and report to MSP web portal. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Refined Models and Prioritized Future Survey Locations for thread-leaved brodiaea by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7, 8
In 2019, survey historic thread-leaved brodiaea locations to determine occurrence status; survey and delineate potentially suitable habitat for new occurrences; survey existing occurrences to identify the potential for enhancement and expansion; and at all sites collect data on occurrence status, habitat and threats and determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | At each extant occurrence, map the extent of the occurrence, collect data on abundance, map adjacent suitable habitat for potential occurrence expansion, collect covariate data on threats including estimates of cover of invasive non-native plants and trampling. | On hold | |
| SURV-2 | Submit project metadata, occurrence status, habitat mapping and assessment, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys and Report Completed by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7, 8
In 2020, begin preparing a section for thread-leaved brodiaea in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain and expand conserved occurrences (see occurrence table) based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Prioritize management recommendations for re-establishment of historic occurrences or establishment of new occurrences in suitable habitat, as needed, to achieve at least 4 occurrences with self-sustaining populations on Conserved Lands. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Prioritize extant occurrences for management based upon "IMG" monitoring data and baseline survey assessments of occurrence size, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to thread-leaved brodiaea occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | Identify and prioritize sites for re-establishment of historic occurrences or that appear suitable for establishment of new occurrences. Specify the highest priority sites for establishing occurrences on Conserved Lands. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for thread-leaved brodiaea that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, Completed Section for Thread-leaved brodiaea in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7, 8
Beginning in 2021, begin implementing highest priority management actions identified in the thread-leaved brodiaea section of the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2025, =1 High priority Management Action Implemented for Thread-leaved Brodiaea from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7, 8
Monitor effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the thread-leaved brodiaea section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7, 8
In 2020, begin preparing a section for Thread-leaved brodiaea in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and recommendations from the genetic study to provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing seed sources for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Thread-leaved brodiaea MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Design a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, completed section for Thread-leaved brodiaea in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7, 8
In 2021, begin implementing the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan for Thread-leaved brodiaea to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Seed should be stored for conservation banking and as source of propagules for enhancement and restoration projects at a permanent, established seed bank. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and Thread-leaved brodiaea MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2025, =1 Highest Priority Action Implemented for Thread-leaved brodiaea from the MSP Seed Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2017, establish 2 new Orcutt's brodiaea occurrences at Proctor Valley and Cal Terraces/Dennery Canyon. Invasive plant control should be conducted using BMPs so that invasive plants are reduced to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Conduct invasive plant control and distribute seed to establish new Orcutt's brodiaea occurrences. | in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Implement seed augmentation using seed collected and bulked by San Diego Zoo's Institute for Conservation Research. | in progress | |
| IMP-3 | Submit project metadata, management datasets and report to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2020, 2 New Occurrences of Orcutt's Brodiaea Established and Report Submitted | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8
In 2020, begin preparing an Orcutt's brodiaea section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and recommendations from 2017-2019 seed collection and bulking efforts conducted by San Diego Zoo's Institute for Conservation Research to collect and store seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Orcutt's brodiaea section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Design the seed collection plan to include recommendations to collect seeds over multiple years and several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should have guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, Completed Orcutt's Brodiaea Section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8
From 2017-2019, collect Orcutt's brodiaea seed for conservation banking and bulk seed for establishment of new occurrences at Cal Terraces/Dennery Canyon and Proctor Valley. In 2021, begin implementing high priority actions for Orcutt's bird's-beak in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2025, =1 Highest Priority Action Implemented for Orcutt's brodiaea from the MSP Seed Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8
In 2020, begin preparing an Orcutt's brodiaea section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to maintain large occurrences and expand at least 3 small occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Orcutt's brodiaea section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to Orcutt's brodiaea occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence status, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for Orcutt's brodiaea that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, Completed Orcutt's Brodiaea Section in MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8
In 2021, begin implementing highest priority management actions identified for Orcutt's brodiaea in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2025, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented for Orcutt's Brodiaea from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8
In 2021, monitor effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the Orcutt's brodiaea section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4
From 2017 through 2021, continue implementing high priority management actions to: expand coastal cactus wren populations; rehabilitate habitat destroyed in the 2003 Cedar and 2007 Harris wildfires; improve connectivity within and between the Otay and San Diego/El Cajon genetic clusters (see occurrence table); and manage high risk of anthropogenic predation of adults and nestlings. These priority management actions are identified in the South San Diego County Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Conservation and Management Plan prepared in 2015.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Following best practices in the South San Diego County Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Conservation and Management Plan, design cactus scrub enhancement and restoration projects to provide high quality nesting and foraging habitat with large patches of cacti >1 m tall in a mosaic of open scrub that provides sufficient food resources for reproduction and survival, especially during drought. As they become available, incoporate the results from the Cactus Wren Demography, Foraging and Arthropod Study to create restoration palettes that favor plant species associated with important arthropod food resources. Design planting layouts to maximize water availability by allocating a portion of the plantings to more mesic sites, such as ravines, at the bottom of slopes, and on northerly and easterly aspects. Control invasive nonnative plants to =20% absolute cover to reduce competition with native plants for water and light. | some occurrences are in progress | Otay River Valley Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration and Enhancement , Salt Creek Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration Project |
| IMP-2 | Implement management actions, as needed, to reduce anthropogenic predation on wrens and their nests in fragmented habitats bordered by development where wrens are vulnerable to predation by cats, Cooper's hawks, corvids and other human-subsidized predators. Actions could include removing selected trees within or bordering cactus scrub that provide hunting, roosting, and nesting perches for hawks and corvids and avoiding cactus scrub restoration in areas where the terrain and location make wrens especially vulnerable to predation. Other measures could involve humanely removing feral cats from Conserved Lands and providing educational material and signage encouraging neighboring homeowners to keep their cats indoors so that wrens are protected and cats are safe from predation by wild animals, such as coyotes. | some occurrences are in progress | Otay River Valley Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration and Enhancement , Salt Creek Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration Project |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, =3 High Priority Management Actions Implemented from the 2015 South San Diego County Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Conservation and Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4
From 2017-2021, collect data on the effectiveness of implementing high priority management actions from the 2015 South San Diego County Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Conservation and Management Plan. In 2021, compile data from all restoration projects and determine the effectiveness of cumulative management actions for the combined Otay and San Diego/El Cajon genetic clusters (see occurrence table) in south San Diego County. These results will be used in 2022 to update management recommendations and success criteria for the South San Diego County Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Conservation and Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Collect vegetation data to document success of cactus scrub restoration projects. This can include monitoring the height, diameter and survival of planted cactus and the composition and percent cover of native and nonnative shrubs, forbs and grasses. Document wren use of restored cactus scrub. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit restoration and enhancement project metadata, management datasets, and reports to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress | |
| IMP-3 | Conduct a meta-analysis of habitat restoration data and cactus wren population survey data to determine whether short-term success criteria have been achieved for habitat restoration actions and for wren populations in south San Diego County. Based upon these results, prepare recommendations for the 2022-2031 management strategy for coastal cactus wren. These broad recommendations can be used in 2022 to update the South San Diego County Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Conservation and Management Plan with the next set of success criteria and specific, prioritized management actions. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-4 | Submit cactus wren habitat restoration and population meta-analysis datasets, results, and management strategy recommendations for south San Diego County to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Success Criteria 2013-2021: Restore =70 Acres of High Quality Cactus Scrub and Increase the Combined Otay and San Diego/El Cajon Genetic Clusters to =75 Territories on C | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 6
From 2017 to 2021, use a standardized protocol to survey for cactus wrens to determine territory, pairing and banding status and collect habitat covariate data in cactus scrub habitats on Conserved Lands in the Otay and San Diego/El Cajon genetic clusters (see occurrence table). In 2018 and 2021, expand surveys to include the San Pasqual Valley/Lake Hodges genetic cluster.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | Conduct 2 rounds of protocol surveys each year for coastal cactus wrens in mapped cactus at long term monitoring sites and expand monitoring sites, as needed, to include restoration sites and newly conserved cactus scrub. Use standardized protocols to document the number of wrens observed, age, sex, pairing and nesting status, and color band combinations, and to assess habitat for shrub overgrowth and crowding, invasive plants, unhealthy or dead cactus, and dominant shrub and cactus species. Update cactus mapping at restored and newly conserved sites. | in progress | |
| SURV-2 | In conjunction with the Coastal Cactus Wren Demography, Vegetation and Arthropod Study, focus on collecting banding status data to better understand cactus wren population dynamics, adult and juvenile survival, and dispersal capabilities in south San Diego County. | unknown | |
| SURV-3 | Submit project metadata, cactus wren survey and habitat assessment datasets, analyses and survey reports to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Cactus Wren Surveys and Habitat Assessments Completed 2017-2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 6
From 2017-2019, in conjunction with standardized surveys and with banding activities for the Coastal Cactus Wren Demography, Vegetation and Arthropod Study, collect feather or blood samples from nestling and adult cactus wren at sites where wrens were sampled in 2011-2012 for the Southern California Cactus Wren Genetics Study (Barr et al. 2013, 2015). Determine if genetic diversity and effective population size have changed in the Otay, San Diego/El Cajon, and San Pasqual genetic clusters (see occurrence table) and evaluate whether there are potential threats to long-term population sustainability from inbreeding. Based on these results, prepare specific recommendations for managing gene flow and/or population expansion to enhance genetic diversity and effective population size.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Collaborate with the Natural Community Coalition to repeat the 2012 Southern California Coastal Cactus Wren Genetics Study (Barr et al. 2013, 2015) for the Coastal Orange County-Camp Pendleton, San Diego/El Cajon, Otay, and San Pasqual genetic clusters. Evaluate whether the clusters with low effective population sizes and potential inbreeding have changed their levels of genetic diversity in the intervening 6 years with management to increase cactus scrub and improve connectivity, from translocating wrens between genetic clusters, or from population declines during a long and intense drought. | in progress | |
| RES-2 | Analyze genetic and reproduction data from Orange County and San Diego County studies to determine if reproduction may be adversely affected by inbreeding or low genetic diversity. If lack of genetic diversity and inbreeding show signs of depressing productivity, then evaluate and prioritize specific management recommendations to increase gene flow, such as switching eggs or translocating individuals between genetic clusters over the short term and restoring habitat to expand populations and improve connectivity within and between genetic clusters over the long term. | in progress | |
| RES-3 | Submit project metadata, datasets, analyses, and report with specific management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Genetic Study Completed and Report Submitted by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 6
From 2017-2021, continue operation of the North San Diego County Cactus Nursery and support a South San Diego County Cactus Nursery to supply cactus to land managers to enhance, restore and create coastal cactus wren habitat. Grow cactus pads, segments and entire plants sufficient for restoration projects to expand and enhance cactus scrub habitat and as a source of plants for immediate habitat rehabilitation following severe wildfire.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Implement BMPs when harvesting and growing cactus at a nursery in preparation for transplant into natural lands for cactus restoration projects and to provide an emergency source of cactus following wildfire. | some occurrences are in progress | North County Cactus Nursery and Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration (2015-2018) |
| IMP-2 | Grow and supply cactus pads, segments, and entire plants from locally harvested native cactus with a composition of species reflecting what naturally occurs in each geographic area. The North County Cactus Nursery should cactus to projects in MUs 6 and 8 and those areas in MU 4 dominated by prickly pear cactus. The South County Cactus Nursery should supply cactus to MUs 2 and 3 and to those areas in MU 4 dominated by coast cholla. The amount of cactus produced will be determined periodically based upon: management recommendations from the 2015 South San Diego County Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Conservation and Management Plan; from ICR's Restoration Analyses for the San Pasqual Valley and Lake Hodges; an evaluation of planned and ongoing cactus restoration projects; and an assessment of cactus needed to be kept in reserve for future post-fire rehabilitation efforts. | some occurrences are in progress | North County Cactus Nursery and Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration (2015-2018) |
| IMP-3 | Submit project metadata, nursery plans, and reports with information on harvesting, growing and distributing cactus for restoration projects to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress | North County Cactus Nursery and Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration (2015-2018) |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Cactus Nurseries Established in North and South San Diego County to Provide Sufficient Cactus for Restoration and PostFire Rehabilitation | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 5, 6
In 2017-2021, continue supporting restoration of cactus scrub based upon ICR's Restoration Analyses for the San Pasqual Valley/Lake Hodges coastal cactus wren genetic cluster (see occurrence table) to: rehabilitate cactus scrub destroyed or degraded by the 2007 Witch Fire; to expand occurrences, particularly adjacent to Lake Hodges; to improve connectivity within the genetic cluster; and as needed, to manage high risk of anthropogenic predation of adults and nestlings.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Following best practices, design cactus scrub enhancement and restoration projects to provide high quality nesting and foraging habitat with large patches of cacti >1 m tall in a mosaic of open scrub that provides sufficient food resources for reproduction and survival, especially during drought years when arthropod food resources are limiting. As they become available, incoporate the results from the Cactus Wren Demography, Foraging and Arthropod Study to create restoration palettes that favor plant species associated wtih important wren food resources. Design planting layouts to maximize water availability by allocating a portion of the plantings to more mesic sites, such as ravines, at the bottom of slopes, and on northerly and easterly aspects. Control invasive nonnative plants to =20% absolute cover to reduce competition with native plants for water and light. | in progress | Hodges Reservoir-Bernardo Bay Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration Grant Project |
| IMP-2 | Implement management actions, as needed, to reduce anthropogenic predation on wrens and their nests in fragmented habitats bordered by development where wrens are vulnerable to predation by cats, Cooper's hawks, corvids and other human-subsidized predators. Actions could include removing selected trees within or bordering cactus scrub that provide hunting, roosting, and nesting perches for hawks and corvids and avoiding cactus scrub restoration in areas where the terrain and location make wrens especially vulnerable to predation. Other measures could involve humanely removing feral cats from Conserved Lands and providing educational material and signage encouraging neighboring homeowners to keep their cats indoors so that wrens are protected and cats are safe from predation by wild animals, such as coyotes. | in progress | Hodges Reservoir-Bernardo Bay Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration Grant Project |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, =2 High Priority Management Actions Implemented from ICR's Restoration Analyses for the San Pasqual Valley and Lake Hodges | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 5, 6
From 2017-2021, collect data on the effectiveness of implementing high priority management actions to restore cactus scrub to expand coastal cactus wren populations and enhance connectivity within the San Pasqual Valley/Lake Hodges genetic cluster (see occurrence table). In 2021, compile data from all restoration projects and determine the effectiveness of cumulative management actions for north San Diego County. Use these results to develop a management strategy that will provide the basis for preparing a North County Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Conservation and Management Plan in 2022.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Collect vegetation data to document success of cactus scrub restoration projects. This can include monitoring the height, diameter and survival of planted cactus and the composition and percent cover of native and nonnative shrubs, forbs and grasses. Document wren use of restored cactus scrub. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit restoration and enhancement project metadata, management datasets, and reports to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-3 | Conduct a meta-analysis of habitat restoration data and cactus wren population survey data to determine whether short-term success criteria have been achieved for habitat restoration actions and for wren populations in north San Diego County. Based upon these results, prepare recommendations for a 2022-2031 management strategy for coastal cactus wren. These broad recommendations can be used in 2022 to prepare a North San Diego County Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Conservation and Management Plan with specific, prioritized management actions. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-4 | Submit cactus wren habitat restoration and population meta-analysis datasets, results, and management strategy recommendations for north San Diego County to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Success Criteria 2013-2021: Restore =75 Acres of High Quality Cactus Scrub and Increase the San Pasqual Valley/Lake Hodges Genetic Cluster to =90 Territories on Conserve | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
For at least the first 3 years following a wildfire, use a standardized survey protocol to determine the status of coastal cactus wren occurrences affected by the wildfire. Use a standardized postfire protocol to collect vegetation and other covariates important in characterizing postfire cactus scrub habitat recovery. Collect habitat recovery data at unoccupied cactus scrub sites that are important for enhancing connectivity or for future population expansion. Identify and prioritize management actions to recover wren populations and important cactus scrub habitat patches.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Prepare postfire habitat monitoring protocols and sampling design to determine the status of coastal cactus wrens and characterize cactus scrub recovery following wildfire. Use the monitoring results to identify management actions to ensure postfire recovery of high quality cactus scrub at occupied cactus wren sites and at unoccupied cactus scrub sites important for wren population expansion and connectivity within and between genetic clusters. | On hold | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, cactus wren postfire survey and habitat monitoring data, annual reports with management recommendations, and a final report documenting project methods and results to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| At Least 3 Years of Postfire Monitoring of Cactus Wrens and Habitats with Annual Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1
In 2017, complete the study begun in 2016 to characterize the population genetic structure, gene flow, and genetic diversity for salt marsh bird's-beak occurrences (see occurrence table). The study will determine if there is evidence of mixed ploidy levels within or among occurrences; evaluate vulnerability of occurrences to genetic drift and loss of genetic diversity; assess the level of gene flow among occurrences; identify if there are signatures of genetic bottlenecks or low genetic diversity in occurrences that have undergone recent reductions; and look for evidence of local population adaptation. Based on the results of the genetic analyses, management recommendations will include whether common garden and reciprocal transplantations are necessary before proceeding with population enhancement or restoration and will provide specific recommendations for collecting, bulking and distributing to enhance existing occurrences and establish new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Use BMPs to collect plant material for genetic samples at salt marsh bird's-beak occurrences in the MSPA. | In progress | |
| RES-2 | Hold a workshop of scientists, rare plant experts, and land managers to develop management recommendations based upon the results of genetic analyses. | In progress | |
| RES-3 | Evaluate the overall long-term genetic trajectory for salt marsh bird's-beak. | In progress | |
| RES-4 | Submit project metadata, genetic datasets and analyses, and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Genetic Study with Management Recommendations Completed in 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1
in 2018, develop models predicting habitat suitability under future climate scenarios and combine the habitat models with projected increases in sea level and urban development to evaluate and prioritize sites for establishing new occurrences of salt marsh bird's-beak. Formulate management recommendations to reduce risk and increase persistence of salt marsh bird's-beak populations under changing conditions of climate and land use.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV-1 | Work with land managers, species experts, scientists and other stakeholders to identify opportunities to manage for long-term persistence of salt marsh bird's-beak under changing climate and land use conditions. | On hold | |
| DEV-2 | Submit project metadata, models, data layers and report with management recommendation to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Modeling and Management Recommendations Completed by 2019 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1
Prepare a salt marsh bird's-beak section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan that incorporates best science and management practices (Wall 2009, KEW 2016) to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should include recommendations from the 2016-2017 genetics study and from 2017-2019 seed collection and banking efforts conducted by San Diego Zoo's Institute for Conservation Research to guide collection and storing of seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the salt marsh bird's-beak section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-2 | Prepare the seed collection plan to incorporate genetic study results and with recommendations to collect seeds over multiple years and several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should have guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, Completed Salt Marsh Bird's-beak Section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1
From 2017-2019, collect salt marsh bird's-beak seed for conservation banking. In 2019, begin implementing high priority actions for salt marsh bird's-beak from the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, =2 Highest Priority Actions Implemented for Salt Marsh Bird's-beak from the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1
In 2018, begin preparing a salt marsh bird's-beak section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain and enhance large occurrences, enhance and expand at least 3 small occurrences, and establish at least 1 new occurrence on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table). Management actions should be based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats and include recommendations for creating salt marsh habitat and establishing new occurrences in response to a projected rise in sea level and for re-establishing historic occurrences as necessary for gene flow and long term persistence. Include recommendations from the 2017 genetics study, MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan, relevant best management practices (BMPs), and for monitoring the effectiveness of management actions.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the salt marsh bird's-beak section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to salt marsh bird's-beak occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence status, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for salt marsh bird's-beak that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, Completed Salt Marsh Bird's-beak Section in MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1
In 2019, begin implementing highest priority management actions identified for salt marsh bird's-beak in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, =2 High Priority Management Actions Implemented for Salt Marsh Bird's-beak from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1
In 2019, begin monitoring effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the salt marsh bird's-beak section in the MSPRare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7
Beginning in 2017, conduct annual surveys of all Orcutt's spineflower.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed Annually with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7
Beginning in 2017, conduct routine management actions as identified through the IMG monitoring at Orcutt's spineflower occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table). Depending on the type and level of threat, management should only be conducted as needed, not necessarily every year, and using BMPs with precautions to do no harm.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing and enforcement and controlling invasive non-native plant species =20% absolute cover. | in progress | Otay Mesa Rare Plants |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress | Otay Mesa Rare Plants |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7
In 2017, continue efforts begun in 2015 to survey historic Orcutt's spineflower locations to: determine current occurrence status; survey and delineate potentially suitable habitat for new occurrences; survey existing occurrences to identify the potential for enhancement and expansion; and at all sites collect data on occurrence status, habitat and threats and determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | At each extant occurrence, map the extent of the occurrence, collect data on abundance, map adjacent suitable habitat for potential occurrence expansion, collect covariate data on threats including estimates of cover of invasive non-native plants and trampling. | In progress | |
| SURV-2 | Submit project metadata, habitat mapping, occurrence status, habitat and threats assessments, management recommendations, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Baseline Surveys and Report Completed by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7
In 2017, continue BMPs initiated in 2015 to establish 4 new occurrences of Orcutt's spineflower.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Establish 4 new occurrences of Orcutt | in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Use BMPs for site preparation (Bauder 2010a,b). Sites with ice plant or Acacia shrubs should be cleared of these invasive plants and duff and then watched for at least 2 years with suitable growing conditions to determine if there are viable spineflower | in progress | |
| IMP-3 | Maintain newly established occurrences so that there is <20% invasive non-native absolute cover, minimal encroachment of native plants (based upon standards used at the Point Loma Naval Base), and no ground disturbance from erosion or trampling. | in progress | |
| IMP-4 | Use the seed collection and bulking plan to determine seed sources and timing and amount of seeding. | in progress | |
| IMP-5 | Submit project metadata, monitoring and management data to MSP web portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| 4 New Occurrences of Orcutt's Spineflower Established by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7
In 2019, begin preparing a section for Orcutt's spineflower in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and recommendations from the 2014 genetic study to provide guidance for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Orcutt's spineflower section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | On hold | |
| PRP-2 | Prepare a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | On hold | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | On hold | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | On hold | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | On hold | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2020, Completed Section for Orcutt's Spineflower in MSP Seed Collection Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7
In 2020, begin implementing high priority actions for Orcutt's spineflower in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, =1 Highest Priority Actions Implemented for Orcutt's Spineflower from the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7
In 2019, begin preparing a section for Orcutt's spineflower in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to maintain large occurrences (>1,000 plants) and expand at least 3 small occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Orcutt's spineflower in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | on hold | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to Orcutt's spineflower occurrences. | on hold | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence status, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | on hold | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for Orcutt's spineflower that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | on hold | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2020, Completed Section for Orcutt's Spineflower in MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7
Beginning in 2020, begin implementation of the highest priority management actions for Orcutt's spineflower identified in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, =1 High Priority Management Action Initiated for Orcutt's spineflower from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6, 7
Monitor the effectiveness of highest priority management actions implemented for Orcutt's spineflower.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4
In 2019, begin preparing a San Miguel savory section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan that incorporates best science and management practices (Wall 2009, KEW 2016) to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should include recommendations to collect and store seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the San Miguel savory section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | On hold | |
| PRP-2 | Prepare the seed collection plan to include recommendations to collect seeds over multiple years and several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | On hold | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should have guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | On hold | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | On hold | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | On hold | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2020, Completed San Miguel Savory Section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4
In 2020, begin implementing high priority actions for San Miguel savory in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2024, =1 Highest Priority Action Implemented for San Miguel Savory from the MSP Seed Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4
In 2019, begin preparing a San Miguel savory section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to enhance at least 3 occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Prepare prioritized management recommendations for re-establishment of historic occurrences or establishment of new occurrences in suitable habitat, if determined to be necessary for gene flow and population persistence. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the San Miguel savory section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | on hold | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to San Miguel savory occurrences. | on hold | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence status, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | on hold | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for San Miguel savory that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | on hold | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2020, Completed San Miguel Savory Section in MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4
In 2020, begin implementing highest priority management actions identified for San Miguel savory in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2024, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented for San Miguel Savory Section from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4
In 2020, begin monitoring effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the San Miguel savory section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
In 2017 continue the collaboration with the South County Grasslands Project initiated in 2014 to develop BMPs for landscape-scale restoration of Otay tarplant habitat in MU3 that includes testing methods of seeding and invasive plant control so that nonnative plants and thatch are reduced to less than 20% relative cover and thatch to <5 cm tall and native plants to at least 25% relative cover. These percent cover criteria could be revised based on data collected from an acceptable reference site.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV-1 | Conduct experiments using mowing, prescribed burns herbicide and potentially grazing to control invasive non-native grasses and forbs at a landscape-scale and to compare drill seeding versus hand broadcast seeding in order to determine economical and effect. | in progress | Regional Grazing Monitoring Plan |
| DEV-2 | Based upon experiment results, develop explicit BMPs for the restoration of Otay tarplant. Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and BMP report to MSP web portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| BMPs Developed for Restoration of Otay tarplant by 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
In 2017, continue a study begun in 2016 to characterize the population genetic structure, gene flow, and genetic diversity for Otay tarplant occurrences (see occurrence table). The study will determine if there is evidence of mixed ploidy levels within or among occurrences; evaluate vulnerability of occurrences to genetic drift and loss of genetic diversity; assess the level of gene flow among occurrences; identify if there are signatures of genetic bottlenecks or low genetic diversity in occurrences that have undergone recent reductions; and look for evidence of local population adaptation. Based on the results of the genetic analyses, management recommendations will include whether common garden and reciprocal transplantations are necessary before proceeding with population enhancement or restoration and will provide specific recommendations for collecting, bulking and distributing seed to enhance existing occurrences or establish new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Use BMPs to collect plant material for genetic samples at conserved Otay tarplant occurrences (Table 2-3.3). | in progress | |
| RES-2 | Evaluate the overall long-term genetic trajectory for Otay tarplant | in progress | |
| RES-3 | Hold a workshop of scientists, rare plant experts, and land managers to develop management recommendations based upon the results of genetic analyses. | waiting for precedent action | |
| RES-4 | Submit project metadata, genetic datasets and analyses, and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2018, Completed Genetic Study for Otay Tarplant with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2018, and continuing for 3 years at the 3 Otay tarplant restoration sites initiated under the South County Grasslands project, use BMPs to maintain the maximum occupied extent and a surrounding buffer area equal to 25% of this extent by preventing ground disturbance and reducing nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% total cover and thatch to <5 cm tall.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Conduct invasive plant control annually using BMPs until success criteria are met and then as needed thereafter. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, 3 Otay Tarplant Occurrences Enhanced/Established and Reports Submitted | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
In 2018, begin preparing an Otay tarplant section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain and expand conserved occurrences based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than or equal to 20% absolute cover within the occurrence.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Otay tarplant in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to Otay tarplant occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence size, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for Otay tarplant that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata, project datasets, and the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, Completed Otay Tarplant Section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
In 2019, begin implementation of highest priority management actions for Otay tarplant identified in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata and management datasets, report to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2023, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented for Otay tarplant from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
In 2019, begin monitoring the effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the Otay tarplant section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
In 2018, begin preparing a section for Otay tarplant in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (e.g., Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for:collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Otay tarplant section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Prepare a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, Completed Otay Tarplant Section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
In 2019, begin implementing the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan for Otay tarplant to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2023, > 1 Highest Priority Action Implemented for Otay Tarplant from the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
In 2017, continue field research into soils and habitat relationships and development of habitat suitability and climate change models for Otay tarplant and other edaphic endemic plants to better understand habitat requirements and to identify and prioritize geographic areas important for connectivity, restoration, and range shifts due to climate change and other threats.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Test soils at potential expansion sites and compare to occupied reference sites to determine site suitability based on soils. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-2 | Prepare habitat suitability models under current environmental conditions and for different scenarios of climate change to delineate potential future habitat. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-3 | Collect covariate data on vegetation composition and cover (alliance and association-level mapping), soils, invasive plants and other threats for selected populations. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-4 | Prioritize locations for conservation, management, and future surveys based on predicted distributions and environmental correlates. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-5 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data, habitat models, analyses, and report to MSP web portal. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Refined Models and Prioritized Future Survey Locations for Otay Tarplant by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 3
In 2017, complete the study begun in 2016 to characterize the population genetic structure, gene flow, and genetic diversity for Orcutt's bird's-beak occurrences (see occurrence table). The study will determine if there is evidence of mixed ploidy levels within or among occurrences; evaluate vulnerability of occurrences to genetic drift and loss of genetic diversity; assess the level of gene flow among occurrences; identify if there are signatures of genetic bottlenecks or low genetic diversity in occurrences that have undergone recent reductions; and look for evidence of local population adaptation. Based on the results of the genetic analyses, management recommendations will include whether common garden and reciprocal transplantations are necessary before proceeding with population enhancement or restoration and will provide specific recommendations for collecting, bulking and distributing seed to enhance existing occurrences or establish new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Use BMPs to collect plant material for genetic samples at Orcutt's bird's-beak occurrences in the MSPA. | In progress | Population Genetic Analysis of 6 Rare Plant Species in San Diego County |
| RES-2 | Hold a workshop of scientists, rare plant experts, and land managers to develop management recommendations based upon the results of genetic analyses. | In progress | |
| RES-3 | Evaluate the overall long-term genetic trajectory for Orcutt's bird's-beak. | In progress | |
| RES-4 | Submit project metadata, genetic datasets and analyses, and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Genetic Study with Management Recommendations Completed in 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 3
In 2019, survey historic Orcutt's bird's-beak locations to determine occurrence status; survey and delineate potentially suitable habitat for new occurrences; survey existing occurrences to identify the potential for enhancement and expansion; and at all sites collect data on occurrence status, habitat and threats and determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | At each extant occurrence, map the extent of the occurrence, collect data on abundance, map adjacent suitable habitat for potential occurrence expansion, collect covariate data on threats including estimates of cover of invasive non-native plants and trampling. | On hold | |
| SURV-2 | Submit project metadata, habitat mapping, occurrence status, habitat and threats assessments, management recommendations, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys and Report Completed by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 3
In 2020, begin preparing an Orcutt's bird's-beak section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan that incorporates best science and management practices (Wall 2009, KEW 2016) to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should include recommendations from 2017-2019 seed collection and bulking efforts conducted by San Diego Zoo's Institute for Conservation Research and from the 2016-2017 genetic study to collect and store seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Orcutt's bird's-beak section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-2 | Prepare the seed collection plan to incorporate genetic study results and with recommendations to collect seeds over multiple years and several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should have guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, Completed Orcutt's Bird's-beak Section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 3
From 2017-2019, collect Orcutt's bird's-beak seed for conservation banking and bulk seed for enhancing and expanding the Cal Terraces/Dennery Canyon occurrence (see occurrence table). In 2021, begin implementing high priority actions for Orcutt's bird's-beak in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2025, =1 Highest Priority Action Implemented for Orcutt'sBird's-beak from the MSP Seed Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 3
In 2020, begin preparing an Orcutt's bird's-beak section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain large occurrences and expand at least 3 small occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Prepare management recommendations for re-establishment of historic occurrences or establishment of new occurrences if determined to be necessary for gene flow and for long term persistence. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Orcutt's bird's-beak section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | on hold | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to Orcutt's bird's-beak occurrences. | on hold | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence status, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | on hold | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for Orcutt's bird's-beak that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | on hold | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, Completed Orcutt's Bird's-beak Section in MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2021, begin implementing highest priority management actions identified for Orcutt's bird's-beak in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2025, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented for Orcutt's Bird's-beak from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2021, monitor effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the Orcutt's bird's-beak section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 6
From 2017-2021, inspect Blochman's dudleya occurrences annually on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) using the IMG regional monitoring protocol to record abundance and collect habitat and threats covariate data to determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual Surveys Completed with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 6
Beginning in 2017, conduct routine management actions identified through the IMG monitoring at Blochman's dudleya occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table). Depending on the type and level of threat, management should only be conducted as needed, not necessarily every year, and using BMPs with precautions to do no harm.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities as needed, such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through enforcement and controlling invasive non-native plant species to =20% absolute cover. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP Web Portal. | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 6, 7
In 2019, survey historic Blochman's dudleya locations to determine occurrence status; survey and delineate potentially suitable habitat for new occurrences; survey existing occurrences to identify the potential for enhancement and expansion; and at all sites collect data on occurrence status, habitat and threats and determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | At each extant occurrence, map the extent of the occurrence, collect data on abundance, map adjacent suitable habitat for potential occurrence expansion, collect covariate data on threats including estimates of cover of invasive non-native plants and trampling. | On hold | |
| SURV-2 | Submit project metadata, habitat mapping, and a report with site prioritizations and recommendations for management based upon occurrence status, habitat and threats assessments to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys and Report Completed by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 6, 7
In 2021, begin preparing a section for Blochman's dudleya in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plant to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (e.g., Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Blochman's dudleya section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Prepare a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, Completed Blochman's Dudleya Section in MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 6, 7
In 2021, begin preparing a section for Blochman's dudleya in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain or expand conserved occurrences based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status habitat and threats. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to at least 20% absolute cover within the occurrence
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Blochman's dudleya in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to Blochman's dudleya populations. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-3 | Use occurrence status and threats data to develop management recommendations to reduce threats and promote resilience of occurrences. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for Blochman's dudleya that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata, project datasets, and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, Completed Blochman's Dudleya Section in MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, continue efforts to expand and translocate occurrences of pond turtles to increase to self-sustaining levels in MU3 in the Sweetwater and Otay River Watersheds (at SPER, RJER, and other suitable sites) and identify, expand, and translocate pond turtles in at least 2 other watersheds in the MSPA, including but not limited to the San Diego and San Dieguito Rivers. Translocation efforts may include management of invasive aquatic and plant species, providing access protection, and headstart efforts.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Conduct routine management as needed at the Sycuan Peak ER occurrence of southwestern pond turtle. | In progress | |
| IMP-2 | Conduct routine management as needed at the Rancho Jamul ER translocated occurrence of southwestern pond turtle. | In progress | |
| IMP-3 | Continue to identify, begin management of invasive species, and translocate pond turtle to at least 2 suitable locations in the San Dieguito and San Diego River (e.g. El Monte Ponds, Boulder Creek Preserve) watersheds. | In progress | |
| IMP-4 | Submit monitoring and management data to the regional MSP web portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, 2 new occurrences translocated in the San Diego and San Dieguito River Watersheds; SPER and RJER occurrences increased by 20% through recruitment from 2017 leve | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, continue monitoring the effectiveness of southwestern pond turtle translocation experiments at SPER and RJER (see Table of Occurrences) and any additional translocated occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Continue to monitor the expanded and head-started occurrence and/or habitat at SPER and RJER to document success. | In progress | |
| IMP-2 | Monitor other translocated occurrences to document success. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Southwestern Pond Turtle Translocation Monitoring and Reports Completed Annually | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, biennially inspect the existing occurrences of southwestern pond turtle to identify necessary management actions in order to support the expansion of the occurrence to self sustaining levels.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Use regional IMG monitoring protocol to assess status, habitat, and quantify potential threats. | Available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | Available for implementation | |
| IMP-3 | Submit monitoring and management data to the regional MSP web portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed every two years with management recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, conduct routine management actions identified through the IMG regional protocol monitoring, including protecting populations from disturbance, removing invasive plants, and removing aquatic predators and exotic species (which compete and or prey on western pond turtle, primarily young) within the known occupied and suitable habitat.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance, controlling invasive plants, and removing invasive aquatic animals. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
Beginning in 2018, prepare a management plan for southwestern pond turtles that includes identification of high priority management actions at sites with self sustaining populations, as well as actions to establish of at least 2 additional pond turtle populations to increase resilience to fire and other threats. Include guidance & prioritizations for next steps for translocations. The plan should include actions to manage threats from hydrology, debris, invasive animals and plants, and fire, and the creation of basking sites.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Develop a southwestern pond turtle management plan using the survey data with information on occurrence status and threats, habitat models, and management needs to determine if an appropriate location | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | The plan should prioritize management actions for the next five years and detail tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, timelines, and budgets | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-3 | Submit management plan to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management Plan for Southwestern pond turtle completed by 2018. | 2018 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
Beginning in 2019, implement highest priority management actions as identified in the Southwestern pond turtle management plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Management actions to be determined by the management plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-4 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal. | unknown |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented from the Southwestern pond turtle Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
Beginning in 2019, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for the Southwestern pond turtle.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit monitoring data and report to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 6, 7
In 2021, begin preparing a section for coast wallflower in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (e.g., Wall 2009; KEW 2016) to provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds to provide source material with consideration of potential genetic consequences; for management oriented research; seed bulking; and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or establish new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the coast wallflower section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Prepare a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, Completed Coast Wallflower Section in MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 6, 7
In 2021, begin preparing a section for coast wallflower in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain and expand conserved occurrences based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Prioritize management recommendations for re-establishment of historic occurrences or establishment of new occurrences in suitable habitat, as needed, to achieve at least 4 occurrences with self-sustaining populations on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table). Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Prioritize extant occurrences for management based upon "IMG" monitoring data and baseline survey assessments of occurrence size, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | on hold | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to coast wallflower occurrences. | on hold | |
| PRP-3 | Identify and prioritize sites for re-establishment of historic occurrences or that appear suitable for establishment of new occurrences. Specify the highest priority sites for establishing occurrences to reach the goal of at least 4 extant occurrences on Conserved Lands. | on hold | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for coast wallflower that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | on hold | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, Completed Coast Wallflower Section in MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
In 2017-2018, develop habitat suitability models for Quino checkerspot, host plants, and nectaring plants under current and future climate change scenarios, and conduct fire risk modeling with different management scenarios to identify potential climate and fire refugia. The results of this modeling will be used to inform development of monitoring and management plans.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV-1 | Submit project metadata, modeling datasets, results and report to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Quino Checkerspot Current and Future Climate Habitat Models and Report Completed in 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
Beginning in 2017, prepare a long-term Quino checkerspot metapopulation monitoring plan to track population distribution, abundance, and phenology, and to assess habitats and threats at checkerspot occurrences (see occurrence table), historically occupied and unoccupied high suitability sites across Conserved Lands in the MSPA. The monitoring plan should build upon previous surveys, habitat assessments and modeling to include specific monitoring questions, the sampling frame within the MSPA, monitoring methods, a statistically valid sampling design, sampling locations, timeline, and standardized protocols for determining the status and abundance of larval and adult butterflies and for assessing habitat and threats at each sampling site to determine management needs. The plan should stipulate that for each survey year, a report be prepared with site-specific management recommendations. The monitoring plan will be piloted with field surveys in 2018 to determine if adjustments need to be made and will be finalized in 2019 and then added to the final management plan in 2021 to create a comprehensive Quino Checkerspot Management and Monitoring Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Work with the Butterfly Working Group consisting of species experts, scientists, wildlife agencies, land managers and other stakeholders to develop the monitoring plan. | in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Include fire risk and climate change modeling results to provide management recommendations in relation to fire and climate refugia and to reduce fire risk at occurrences. | in progress | |
| PRP-3 | Submit project metadata, datasets and Quino Checkerspot Monitoring Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Quino Checkerspot Metapopulation Monitoring Plan Completed in 2019 | 2019 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
In 2018 conduct pilot monitoring to evaluate monitoring methodology and sampling design and locations, and prepare recommendations for any adjustments to the monitoring plan. From 2019 to 2021, implement monitoring annually and submit data with management recommendations.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring Implemented and Data with Recommendations Submitted Annually | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
In 2017-2018, develop a section for Quino checkerpot nectaring forbs and host plants in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to enhance and restore habitat for the butterfly. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (e.g., Wall 2009; KEW 2016) to provide guidelines for collecting and providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds to provide source material with consideration of potential genetic consequences; for management oriented research; seed bulking; and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or establish new occurrences of Quino checkerspot.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the Quino checkerspot section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | on hold | |
| PRP-2 | Design a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By end 2017, Completed Quino Checkerspot Section in MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
In 2018, begin implementing the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan for Quino checkerspot to collect and store seeds to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new butterfly occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for butterfly habitat enhancement, expansion, and restoration projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, =1 Highest Priority Action Implemented for Quino checkerspot from the MSP Seed Collection, Banking, and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
In 2017, begin developing an interim 5 year Quino Checkerspot Management Plan that focuses on habitat enhancement and restoration and fire management, and includes the information from the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan for Quino checkerspot, at known occupied and historically occupied sites. In 2021, update and finalize the management plan with results from the captive rearing and translocation projects and combine with the monitoring plan to create a comprehensive Quino Checkerspot Management and Monitoring Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Work with the Butterfly Working Group consisting of species experts, scientists, wildlife agencies, land managers and other stakeholders to develop prioritized management actions. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | Include fire risk and climate change modeling results to provide management recommendations in relation to fire and climate refugia and to reduce fire risk at occurrences. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-3 | Submit project metadata and management and monitoring plan to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Quino Checkerspot Management and Monitoring Plan Completed in 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
Beginning in 2018, implement highest priority management actions for Quino checkerspot on Conserved Lands.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Management actions to be determined by the Quino Checkerspot Management Plan. | waiting for precedent action | Quino Habitat Restoration |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action | Quino Habitat Restoration |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| =1 Management actions implemented for Quino checkerspot by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
From 2018 to 2021, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for Quino checkerspot on Conserved Lands
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, monitoring data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness Monitoring Completed within 1 Year of Management Actions | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
From 2017 to 2021, support existing efforts by the wildlife agencies to collect eggs and captive rear larvae to use in reestablishing and augmenting wild Quino checkerspot populations. Use results to finalize the Quino Checkerspot Management and Monitoring Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Support the Butterfly Working Group consisting of species experts, scientists, wildlife agencies, land managers, San Diego Zoo Global and other stakeholders to implement the captive rearing. | in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Captive Rearing Implemented and Report Submitted by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
From 2017 to 2021, support existing efforts by the wildlife agenices to translocate captive bred Quino checkerspot larvae to historically occupied habitat.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Support the Butterfly Working Group consisting of species experts, scientists, wildlife agencies, land managers, San Diego Zoo Global and other stakeholders to implement the translocation project. | in progress | |
| IMP-1 | Support the Butterfly Working Group consisting of species experts, scientists, wildlife agencies, land managers, San Diego Zoo Global and other stakeholders to implement the translocation project. | in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Translocation Implemented by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 6, 9
From 2017 to 2021, support efforts by the wildlife agencies to monitor the effectivenss of translocated captive bred Quinoo checkerspot larvae. Use results to finalize the Quino Checkerspot Management and Monitoring Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data and reportto MSP web portal | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Translocation Monitoring Completed and Report Submitted by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11
In 2017, in conjunction with adult surveys and the marking study for Harbison's dun skipper (see Table of Occurrences), capture adult butterflies and collect non-lethal genetic samples (i.e., legs) to analyze population genetic structure, dispersal and connectivity between populations, and genetic diversity. Use the analytical results to develop management recommendations to improve connectivity and to maintain or enhance genetic diversity at Harbison's dun skipper occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Use genomic sequencing techniques (e.g., RAD-Seq) to analyze large amounts of Harbison's dun skipper DNA sequences to estimate gene flow, effective population size, and genetic diversity of butterfly occurrences to inform management actions. | In progress | |
| RES-2 | Evaluate Harbison's dun skipper movement patterns at multiple scales by considering the results of genetic data analyses at a larger scale between drainages and across the MSPA, in contrast with results from the marking study characterizing intra-habitat, local scale movements within a drainage. Use these results to develop and prioritize management recommendations to include in the Harbison's Dun Skipper Management Plan. | In progress | |
| RES-3 | Submit project metadata, datasets, analyses and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Harbison's Dun Skipper Genetic Study and Report Completed in 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11
In 2017, conduct a marking study of adult Harbison's dun skippers during the flight season to determine connectivity within habitat patches in a watershed. Design the study to obtain information on local movement patterns, flight season phenology, demography, detection probabilities, longevity, individual behavior, nectaring sources, and relationship between maximum counts and local population size. The results of this study should be used to develop specific management recommendations to be incorporated in the Harbison's Dun Skipper Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Include within the study a site that supports a large, relatively stable population as determined from previous surveys. Capture and mark individuals at the selected site and then revisit and survey 2-3 times per week during the flight season to search for marked individuals and to capture and mark previously unmarked individuals. Locations of all individuals when captured for marking and at all subsequent resightings will be recorded. | In progress | |
| RES-2 | The marking study complements the genetics study by providing genetic samples from individuals captured for marking. Both studies are important at evaluating Harbison's dun skipper movement patterns at multiple scales. The results of genetic analyses represent a larger scale between drainages and across the MSPA, in contrast with results from the marking study that characterize intra-habitat, local scale movements within a drainage. These results should be used in developing and prioritizing management actions in the butterfly's 2018 management plan. | In progress | |
| RES-3 | Submit project metadata, marking study datasets, analyses and report to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Harbison's Dun Skipper Marking Study and Report Completed in 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
In 2018, develop a long-term San Diego Black-tailed Jackrabbit Monitoring Plan to track their distribution and status, habitat associations and level of threats in coastal sage scrub and grassland vegetation communities across the MSPA. The plan should integrate with the Chaparral, Coastal Sage Scrub and Grassland Vegetation Monitoring Plan to include sampling at long-term vegetation monitoring plots. The monitoring plan should build upon previous surveys, habitat assessments and modeling to develop specific questions, monitoring methods, a statistically valid sampling design, sampling locations, and standardized protocols for determining the status and abundance of the jackrabbit and for assessing habitat and threats at each sampling site to determine vegetation management needs. The plan should include guidelines for data analysis and preparation of a report with monitoring results and vegetation management recommendations.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Submit project metadata and San Diego Black-tailed Jackrabbit Monitoring Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| San Diego Black-tailed Jackrabbit Monitoring Plan completed in 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
In 2019, begin implementing long-term San Diego black-tailed jackrabbit monitoring as specified in the San Diego Black-tailed Jackrabbit Monitoring Plan. Prepare a report detailing jackrabbit and habitat and threat assessment results and with site specific vegetation management recommendations.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, datasets, analyses and monitoring report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| San Diego Black-tailed Jackrabbit Monitoring and Report completed by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 4, 6
In 2017, complete the study begun in 2016 to characterize the population genetic structure, gene flow, and genetic diversity for willowy monardella occurrences (see occurrence table). The study will determine if there is evidence of mixed ploidy levels within or among occurrences; evaluate vulnerability of occurrences to genetic drift and loss of genetic diversity; assess the level of gene flow among occurrences; identify if there are signatures of genetic bottlenecks or low genetic diversity in occurrences that have undergone recent reductions; and look for evidence of local population adaptation. Based on the results of the genetic analyses, management recommendations will include whether common garden and reciprocal transplantations are necessary before proceeding with population enhancement or restoration and will provide specific recommendations for collecting and redistributing or bulking seed to enhance existing occurrences or establish new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Use BMPs to collect plant material for genetic samples at willowy monardella occurrences in the MSPA. | In progress | |
| RES-2 | Hold a workshop of scientists, rare plant experts, and land managers to develop management recommendations based upon the results of genetic analyses. | In progress | |
| RES-3 | Evaluate the overall long-term genetic trajectory for willowy monardella. | In progress | |
| RES-4 | Submit project metadata, genetic datasets and analyses, and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Genetic Study with Management Recommendations Completed in 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2017 and continuing every 5 years, thereafter, continue inspections of Dehesa beargrass occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) begun in 2014 using the IMG regional monitoring protocol to record abundance/map perimeters and collect threats and covariate data to determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed in 2017 with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2017, conduct routine management actions begun in 2014 identified through the IMG regional protocol monitoring on Conserved Lands. Depending on the type and level of threat, management should only be conducted as needed, not necessarily every year, and using BMPs with precautions to do no harm.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing and enforcement and controlling invasive non-native plant species to less than 20% relative cover. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
By 2017, refine BMPs for Dehesa beargrass based on results of experimental management studies currently in progress, as well as research studies. Submit all data and reports to MSP web portal.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV-1 | Refine BMPs by incorporating results of management experiments to control invasive species that threaten Dehesa beargrass populations in San Diego County (e.g., Brachypodium removal project). | In progress | |
| DEV-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data, reports and management recommendations to MSP web portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| BMPs for Dehesa Beargrass Completed by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
In 2019, begin preparing a section for Dehesa nolina in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain or expand conserved occurrences based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status habitat and threats. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Dehesa nolina in the Rare Plant Management Plan. | on hold | |
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Dehesa nolina in the Rare Plant Management Plan. | on hold | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to Dehesa nolina populations. | on hold | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence status, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | on hold | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for Dehesa beargrass that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | on hold | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2020, Completed Dehesa Nolina Section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2020, implement highest priority management actions identified in the Dehesa nolina section of the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Implement site-specific invasive control management actions for a minimum of 3 years to reduce invasive nonnative plants to =20% absolute cover in Dehesa nolina suitable habitat based onthe Dehesa nolina Management Plan, and results from BMP studies (e.g., Brachypodium removal project). Actions may include thatch removal and invasives control using herbicide or mechanical methods. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Based on the response of Dehesa nolina to initial management actions, determine need for (1) further invasives control and (2) additional habitat enhancement such as seeding of additional native plant species that support pollinator communities or facilitate sustainable Dehesa nolina populations by inhibiting germination and growth of invasive species. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-3 | Submit project metadata, reports and management recommendations to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2024, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented for Dehesa Nolina from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
Monitor the effectiveness of highest priority management actions identified in the Rare Plant Management Plan for Dehesa nolina.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
In 2019, begin preparing a section for Dehesa nolina in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (e.g., Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group working group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Dehesa nolina in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Prepare a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, Completed Dehesa Nolina Section in MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
In 2020, begin implementing high priority actions for Dehesa nolina in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Dehesa Nolina Seed Collected for Banking and Bulking Within 2 Years Post-Fire and =1 High Priority Action from the MSP Seed, Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan by 2024 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
In 2017, begin field research into soils and habitat relationships and conduct habitat suitability and climate change modeling for Dehesa nolina and other edaphic endemic plants to better understand habitat requirements and to identify and prioritize geographic areas important for connectivity, restoration, and range shifts due to climate change and other threats.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Test soils at potential expansion sites and compare to occupied reference sites to determine site suitability based on soils. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-2 | Prepare habitat suitability models under current environmental conditions and for different scenarios of climate change to delineate potential future habitat. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-3 | Collect covariate data on vegetation composition and cover (alliance and association-level mapping), soils, invasive plants and other threats for selected populations. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-4 | Prioritize locations for conservation, management, and future surveys based on predicted distributions and environmental correlates. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-5 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data, habitat models, analyses, and report to MSP web portal. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Refined Models and Prioritized Future Survey Locations for Dehesa nolina by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
In 2018-2019, collect genetic material from southern mule deer to determine the extent of deer movement between conserved lands and barriers to connectivity in northern San Diego County
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | In 2018-19, collect and analyze deer genetic material from conserved lands in MUs 6, 7, 8 and 9 to determine the extent of deer movement and connectivity between conserved lands. | In progress | |
| RES-2 | Submit project metadata, data and reports to MSP web portal | Unknown |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Determined deer genetic connectivity between conserved lands in MUs 6, 7, 8 and 9 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
In 2017 and 2018 and in conjunction with other linkage assessments and implementation plans, as feasible (e.g., mountain lion), integrate wildlife infrastructure recommendations to enhance deer movement based on results of deer genetic studies.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Incorporate considerations for mule deer when identifying locations and wildlife infrastructure improvements for mountain lions and other species in linkage implementation plans | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Measures to improve mule deer connectivity identified in wildlife infrastructure improvement plans | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Beginning in 2018, implement high priority wildlife infrastructure improvements to enhance connectivity for deer and other wildlife species
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project data and management actions to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Unknown |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildlife crossing infrastructure improvements implemented to improve mule deer connectivity | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
From 2018 to 2021, monitor implementation and effectiveness of linkage enhancements actions for mule deer and other wildlife species
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit monitoring data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of wildlife crossing infrastructure is in enhancing connectivity for mule deer is monitored | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2017 continue a next-generation DNA sequencing study to characterize the phylogeographic and population genetic structure Blainville's horne lizard in southern California, including Conserved Lands throughout the MSPA. This species is a target for regional-scale connectivity within and between core areas of the MSPA and will provide information important to identify areas that may require management to improve connectivity for small vertebrates.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Submit project metadata, genetic datasets, analyses and report to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Study completed and report submitted by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10
In 2017, finalize efforts begun in 2016, using available regional mountain lion movement data, to develop quantitative models of mountain lion movement in the MSPA to validate likely movement patterns and to assist with linkage and land protection prioritization.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Project metadata, data, and report submitted to MSP web portal | completed | Mountain Lion Connectivity and Genetics Study- North San Diego County, Mountain Lion Critical Linkage Evaluation in MSPA |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Mountain lion connectivity model completed by 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10
In 2017-2018, guided by information from telemetry studies and mountain lion movement modelling, prioritize potential mountain lion crossing locations for SR 78, SR 76, SR 79, I-15, and other priority roads. For each priority crossing location, conduct detailed linkage assessments to identify existing impediments to successful crossings and recommendations for wildlife crossing infrastructure improvement (culvert maintenance, undercrossing construction, fencing, etc.) and habitat/land protection needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| EVAL-1 | Use telemetry and modelling data to inform important wildlife crossing locations along SR 78, SR 76 and SR 79 where follow up surveys will be conducted to identify specific locations and recommendations for wildlife crossing infrastructure improvements. | in progress | Mountain Lion Connectivity and Genetics Study- North San Diego County |
| EVAL-2 | At each location, detailed field assessments will be performed to identify existing impediments to successful crossings, specific recommendations for wildlife crossing infrastructure improvements, and land protection needs in the area defined in order to provide for long term successful connectivity between protected lands for mountain lions and other wildlife. | in progress | Mountain Lion Road Crossing and Deterrent Methods Evaluations |
| EVAL-3 | Project metadata, data, and reports submitted to MSP web portal. | in progress | Mountain Lion Connectivity and Genetics Study- North San Diego County |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, linkage evaluations completed for mountain lion crossing locations for SR 76, SR 79, SR 78 and other priority roads | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10
Beginning in 2017 and based on linkage assessment results, prepare Linkage Implementation Plan that outlines specific locations and recommendations for improving mountain lion and deer connectivity across SR 78, 76, 79 and other priority roads in MU s 5, 8, 9, and 10.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Linkage Implementation Plans will identify the locations and design criteria for needed wildlife crossing infrastructure for priority roads and highways in MUs 5, 8, 9, and 10, including locations for road under/overcrossings and barrier fences to funnel lions and other wildlife to crossing locations for priority highways and roads | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | Submit data and reports to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Mountain lion and deer linkage implementation plan completed for MU 5, 8, 9 and 10 by 2019 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10
Beginning in 2019, implement linkage enhancement actions outlined in linkage evaluations and linkage implementation plans
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | As funding becomes available, implement priority wildlife crossing improvements for MU 5, 8, 9, 10 and other priority roads. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management actions to improve connectivity for mountain lions and deer implemented | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10
Beginning in 2019, monitor implementation and effectiveness of linkage enhancements actions for mountain lions and other species, including mule deer.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit Metadata, data, and report to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring data submitted to MSP web portal within one year of management actions being completed. | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10
In 2020, develop a long-term monitoring strategy that integrates BMPs to document mountain lion population, connectivity and distribution within the MSPA. Monitoring plan will incorporate, as feasible: 1) possible non invasive methods for monitoring genetic connectivity (scat, hair snares, tracks, etc.), 2) methods for integrating camera trap data from various sources to answer questions regarding lion movement and distribution, and 3) a regional database to track information on lion mortalities and cause (vehicle strikes, depredation permits, illegal take, etc.) to identify problem areas and to inform management actions.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Work with UCD to evaluate the feasibility of various mountain lion DNA testing methods (scat, hair snare, etc.) for use in future long term monitoring of genetic connectivity | Unknown | |
| PRP-2 | Identify and collate data from various relevant camera trap studies (SDTT, UCD-WHC, USGS, Feral Pig Study, land managers) and evaluate how data could be integrated as part of a long term monitoring strategy for documenting mountain lion movement and distribution within the MSPA. | Unknown | |
| PRP-3 | Identify existing sources for lion mortality data, conduct outreach, and work to develop a system for collating and integrating lion mortality data from various sources into the MSP Database. | Unknown |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring plan for documenting mountain lion connectivity are developed and integrated with available track and camera data from other sources to identify the level of | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10
In 2021, implement monitoring actions as identified in the Mountain lion monitoring plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, data, and reports to MSP web portal | Unknown |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring program for mountain lions implemented by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2019-2020, continue the study begun in 2014 to: determine the locations of American badgers in western San Diego County (see occurrence table); to assess and analyze occurrence status, identify and characterize suitable habitat, and evaluate threats; to record movement patterns to determine the risk of direct mortality from existing and planned future roads; and to examine ways to improve badger connectivity between IMAs and reduce mortality (e.g. culverts, bridges, fencing, etc.). Use the study results to prepare specific management recommendations for badger habitat management and for connectivity enhancement within the MSPA.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Conduct badger surveys to determine spatial and temporal distribution of badgers, assess habitat, and collect threat covariate data. | in progress | |
| RES-2 | Conduct badger information outreach with hotline for the public to report badger detections. | unknown | |
| RES-3 | Utilize species experts and veterinarians (through workshops or other collaborative means) to develop techniques to safely attach satellite transmitter packages to track the movement of American badger. | in progress | |
| RES-4 | Use satellite transmitters and other methods as appropriate to examine the movement patterns of badgers in San Diego County and to determine high risk areas for badgers crossing roads and priority areas for fencing and under crossings. High priority areas for the study should include areas within or adjacent to badger IMAs where traffic volume is anticipated to increase in the next 5-10 years. The study results should include recommendations for locations and types of structures (including fencing) needed to allow safe movement of badger. | ||
| RES-5 | All badgers captured as part of studies should have their rodenticide levels evaluated and genetic samples collected. | in progress | |
| RES-6 | Submit project metadata, datasets, and reports including results, analyses, and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| In 2020, Completed Badger Habitat and Connectivity Study Report | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Pesticides |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2019-2020, continue the study begun in 2014 to determine the population genetics of American badger in western San Diego County (see occurrence table), within the range of T. t. Jeffersoni, to determine the extent of connectivity between badger occurrences and if possible, the number and relationship of existing individuals, and use this information to determine where to prioritize connectivity enhancements and whether or not existing occurrences of American badger are self-sustaining.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Collect and analyze genetic data from the badgers using scat, hair traps, and captured individuals to determine the abundance and location of individual badgers in the MSPA. | in progress | |
| RES-1 | Collect and analyze genetic data from the badgers using scat, hair traps, and captured individuals to determine the abundance and location of individual badgers in the MSPA. | in progress | |
| RES-2 | Based upon the genetic results, try to determine effective population size for occurrences in the MSPA. | in progress | |
| RES-3 | Evaluate population genetic structure to determine if there is connectivity between badger occurrences in the MSPA. | in progress | |
| RES-4 | Prepare management recommendations to enhance connectivity and to maintain genetic diversity. | in progress | |
| RES-5 | Submit project metadata, datasets, and reports including results, analyses, and management recommendations to the MSP WebPortal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| In 2020, Completed Badger Genetics Report | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2020, use data and recommendations from the research and genetic studies to develop a long-term American Badger Monitoring Plan in the MSPA to efficiently and periodically monitor the distribution, abundance, mortality and connectivity of the badger population using non-invasive and cost-efficient monitoring methods, such as the collection of scat for genetic analysis, tracking and burrow surveys. The plan should include specific monitoring objectives, sampling frame, sampling design, methods and analytic approach.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Submit project metadata and American Badger Monitoring Plan to MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| In 2021, Completed American Badger Monitoring Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Pesticides |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2020, use results and recommendations from the research and genetic studies to develop a 2022-2026 comprehensive American Badger Management Plan in the MSPA to enhance connectivity within and among IMAs (see Table of Occurrences) and to manage grasslands to improve habitat quality and prey availability. The plan should identify high priority areas for badger management and provide site-specific management recommendations and guidelines for monitoring the effectiveness of management actions.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Use research results to develop specific recommendations to improve road crossing infrastructure, such as culverts, bridges and fencing, to enhance connectivity and reduce mortality risk. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | Analyze habitat assessments and information from other studies (e.g., western burrowing owl and California ground squirrel BMPs) to prepare specific management recommendations land managers can take to enhance availability of prey species, particularly California ground squirrels, and improve habitat quality for badgers. Identify opportunities to conduct grassland management for badgers in conjunction with habitat management for other MSP species, such as golden eagles. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-3 | Submit project metadata and American Badger Management Plan to MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| In 2021, Completed American Badger Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Pesticides |
Management units: 3, 8
In 2017, begin field research into soils and habitat relationships and conduct habitat suitability and climate change modeling for Parry's tetracoccus and other edaphic endemic plants to better understand habitat requirements and to identify and prioritize geographic areas important for connectivity, restoration, and range shifts due to climate change and other threats.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Test soils at potential expansion sites and compare to occupied reference sites to determine site suitability based on soils. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-2 | Prepare habitat suitability models under current environmental conditions and for different scenarios of climate change to delineate potential future habitat. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-3 | Collect covariate data on vegetation composition and cover (alliance and association-level mapping), soils, invasive plants and other threats for selected populations. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-4 | Prioritize locations for conservation, management, and future surveys based on predicted distributions and environmental correlates. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-5 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data, habitat models, analyses, and report to MSP web portal. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Refined Models and Prioritized Future Survey Locations for Parry's Tetracoccus by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
| Metric | Condition | Trend | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
1. Percent of Linkages ConservedPercent of linkage areas conserved |
Significant Concern |
Improving |
Moderate |
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Bat Community Monitoring 2002-2019
We compiled bat survey data from sampling sites throughout San Diego County in southern California from 2002-2019. Survey methods included ANABAT bat detectors, the unaided ear, day roost surveys and exit counts, and night roost surveys. All surveys were led by or included D. Stokes. Surveys were conducted with permission from private landowners and public land managers in areas where species were historically known or had the potential to occur based on habitat preferences. The study area in which surveys were conducted, San Diego County, spans a wide array of habitat types, including woodland, forest, coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and desert habitats, and apart from the desert, is generally characterized by a moderate Mediterranean climate. Elevation across San Diego County ranges from sea level along the coast to nearly 2,000 m in the mountains.
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Carlsbad Wildlife Movement Analysis
A study of wildlife movement within the Carlsbad's NCCP plan, known as the Habitat Management Plan (HMP). The HMP is the only approved subarea plan of the sub regional Multiple Habitat Conservation Plan (MHCP). A key objective of the HMP is to maintain functional wildlife corridors and habitat linkages within the city and to the region. An inventory of possible wildlife movement corridors and constraints, and an initial monitoring of key locations, is necessary to provide a baseline assessment of animal movement within the city and to begin evaluating the MHCP and HMP objectives. This Wildlife Movement Analysis Final Report is a summary of the methods and results of an inventory of potential wildlife movement corridors and pinch points within the City of Carlsbad.
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Coastal Cactus Wren Conservation Network
The Coastal Cactus Wren Conservation Network is an ad hoc group of more than 100 individuals representing research institutions, land management agencies, local government, non-profit conservation organizations and wildlife agencies. Members work together to exchange research and management information to develop best practices, policies, and programs that promote conservation and recovery of this bird throughout its range (Ventura, Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, and San Diego counties). This information will inform publication of a regional conservation strategy for the coastal cactus wren.
Cactus wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) are distributed across the arid regions of the southwestern United States and northern and central Mexico (Hamilton et al. 2011). While the desert populations are fairly abundant, populations of coastal cactus wrens have declined dramatically over the past 30 years, with extirpation and genetic isolation affecting many locations as a result of habitat loss, habitat fragmentation, edge effects of development, and catastrophic fires (Solek and Szijj 2004). The coastal population is unique in that it occurs exclusively within the coastal sage scrub plant community, ranging from Ventura County south into San Diego County, U.S.A. and northwestern Baja California, Mexico. The firestorms of 2007 impacted several strongholds for the coastal cactus wren in Orange and San Diego counties. The significant loss of habitat and birds was the impetus for formation of the Coastal Cactus Wren Network.
For more information on the Coastal Cactus Wren Conservation Network, please see the document titled &quot;Coastal Cactus Wren Working Group Regional Goals, Objectives, and Strategies&quot;.
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Connectivity Strategic Plan for Western San Diego County Science Session
A strategic plan for connectivity (CSP) of preserve lands in western San Diego County was developed for the San Diego Association of Government's Environmental Mitigation Program Working Group (EMPWG) in 2011. It was prepared by the SDMMP utilizing the input from a science workshop held in 2010. Many of the high priority items in the CSP have been completed and the data collected over those several years were utilized to inform management decisions. In 2014, there was a need to update and refocus the connectivity strategies and priorities for implementation. The purpose of this meeting was to gather input for the updated CSP. It followed a similar format to the 2010 connectivity workshop. The meeting consisted of a review of completed and in process projects, followed by breakout groups, and then an integration of ideas and recap session. The breakout groups were: (1) Large Animals and Landscape Connectivity; (2) Small Animals; and (3) Pollinators. The meeting focused on:
1. Identifying species to focus questions on connectivity; 2. Identifying questions and objectives to be considered for connectivity for species, and 3. Identifying available methodologies for addressing the questions and objectives. The updated CSP is found in Volume 3 of the Management Strategic Plan.
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Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) Monitoring and Management Plan
Golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) face many threats in southern California. To reduce these threats and successfully conserve this species in western San Diego County, MSP Roadmap 2021-2026 objectives include the development and implementation of a Management Strategic Plan for Golden Eagles in San Diego County and a Monitoring Strategic Plan for Golden Eagles in San Diego County. These plans include general sections with background information and rationale for prioritizing and developing monitoring and management recommendations. Previously, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in collaboration with local, State, and other Federal agencies has conducted a multi-year research study of golden eagles to address questions regarding habitat use, movement behavior, nest occupancy, genetic population structure, and human impacts on eagles. From 2016-17, occupancy analyses were conducted and it was concluded that estimates of occupancy were greatest at sample sites with more rugged terrain conditions, lower human development, and lower amounts of scrubland vegetation cover (Weins et al. 2022). Tracking data from the last 10 years in the Western Unites States have shown eagles exhibit long-distance, nonroutine movements that were responsive to the updraft potential of the spatial and temporal landscape they encountered (Poessel et al. 2022). For the development of both Plans, chapters will be shaped based on the latest scientific information regarding occupancy, natal nesting success, juvenile dispersal, movement and biotelemetry, home range estimation, habitat use, and prey availability. Site-based threats assessment will be used to determine the best management practices. These plans are developed with input and guidance provided by the San Diego Golden Eagle working group, which includes include landowners and managers, scientists, species experts, and representatives from non-profit organizations, government, and wildlife agencies. Occurrence-specific management recommendations will be based on working group input and multiple years of data on Golden Eagle population status, habitat associations, and threats. These are living documents as the plans will be updated when new information becomes available or management actions are completed, and new recommendations are needed.
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Hermes Copper Adult Surveys
In 2016, researchers conducted butterfly surveys and habitat assessments at small northern populations and at southern sites. They did not detect Hermes copper adults at any of the eight northern sites, although this was consistent with other (larger) sites in the county due to continuing drought conditions. They did detect Hermes copper at some of the southern sites. Habitat assessments resulted in the mapping of 65 spiny redberry patches and 11 single redberry shrubs across the 8 sites. Up to 90 redberry shrubs were recorded in a single patch, but more patches were represented by a relatively low number of shrubs, and most of the redberry patches had at least 60% shrub cover. Additional insight may be gained from a more formal comparison to the habitat measured at Hermes copper sites in southern San Diego County. Monitoring for Hermes copper has continued at a subset of the sites in since 2016. The species has been greatly affected by the drought. This contract is funded by a combination of SANDAG (5004388 and 5005783) and USFWS (Contract: F17AC00963) contracts.
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Hodges Reservoir-Bernardo Bay Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration Grant Project
This project restored habitat for the California Species of Special Concern, the coastal cactus wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus), near the Hodges Reservoir-Bernardo Bay. This included a 20 acre restoration of cactus burned in the 2007 Witch Creek Fire. Additionally, unauthorized trails were closed off and the soil was stabilized to minimize erosion and filter runoff into source water reservoir. The purpose of this restoration project was to re-establish cactus wren habitat and connectivity to eastern core habitat areas.
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Mountain Lion Connectivity and Genetics Study- North San Diego County
The purpose of this study is to provide the data needed regarding which lands in north San Diego County are likely utilized by mountain lions, and to assess connectivity within and between current and proposed future conserved lands in MSP Management Units (MU) 5, 6 and 8 and conserved and unconserved mountain lion habitat in adjacent Riverside, and Orange Counties. The results from this study of mountain lion movement, habitat use, gene flow, and highway crossings will be available to inform critical decisions regarding the prioritization of lands for conservation and the potential need and location of highway modifications to enhance connectivity for mountain lions and other wildlife. For this study, the UCD-WHC team will be conducting genetic analyses, resource selection and movement modeling, analysis of potential crossing points of highways.
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Mountain Lion Critical Linkage Evaluation in MSPA
As a part of its ongoing Southern California Mountain Lion project, this study assesses mountain lion use of core conserved lands and linkages in western San Diego County. GPS-collaring of mountain lions was undertaken in order to acquire location and movement data from individual lions utilizing core conserved areas and linkages that have been designated by the county. Six mountain lions were GPS-collared in this study (5 males and 1 female). All 6 circulated extensively in one or more of the targeted conserved cores and linkages, as well as on adjacent conserved and unconserved lands. Of the 9 core conserved areas assessed, 6 were used regularly by collared mountain lions. Of the 11 linkages identified for assessment, only 3 were demonstrated to be utilized for regular movement from one core area to another. One other linkage between core conserved areas was demonstrated that was not pre-identified on the connectivity maps. Roads and associated development, even rural development, appear to be the primary limiters of connectivity between conserved lands.
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Mountain Lion Road Crossing and Deterrent Methods Evaluations
This proposed contract expands upon work conducted under contracts #5004037 and #5004593 between SANDAG and the UC Davis Wildlife Health Center to study mountain lions and their habitat use and movement patterns in San Diego County for conservation purposes. Work under this contract will help to address connectivity and survival threats for mountain lions, other wildlife, livestock, and humans by creating guidance for reducing wildlife-vehicle collisions, improving wildlife connectivity, and reducing mortality of livestock, mountain lions, and other wildlife. Task 1: Conduct highway crossing assessments; Task 2: Test Lion hazing and deterrent devices; Task 3: Write final report.
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MSCP Wildlife Corridor Monitoring
A CBI study evaluating several MSCP habitat linkages and corridors critical to regional wildlife movement in the MSCP preserve. The study evaluated the functionality of the linkages, the large mammals and mesopredators using the linkages, constraints to animal movement, and underpass function.
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North County Cactus Nursery and Coastal Cactus Wren Habitat Restoration (2015-2018)
The primary goal of this three-year project was to support the restoration and recovery of cactus wren (CACW) populations in the San Pasqual Valley/Lake Hodges region and other locations identified in coordination with the South San Diego County Coastal Cactus Wren Conservation Implementation Plan. The San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research sought to aid the recovery of this species through 1) the creation of additional cactus wren habitat through large scale prickly pear propagation and 2) the removal of invasive plant species from new and existing cactus wren habitat. We established a cactus nursery that supplied 8056 locally sourced cacti to restoration projects throughout the region from 2015-2018. We also conducted extensive removal of invasive species at two major centers of cactus wren habitat: Lake Hodges and the San Diego Zoo Safari Park Biodiversity Reserve. This project provided wide ranging benefits to coastal cactus wren conservation not only by providing large-scale habitat restoration and management across the region, but also by documenting experiences and lessons learned during the development of the cactus nursery which can serve as a guide for the future establishment of other large scale cactus nurseries. We document herein the data collected from our propagation, restoration, invasive species removal efforts, and a propagation protocol which describes the methods we used for cactus propagation and nursery establishment.
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Otay Ranch Preserve Enhancement Project
The goal of the project is to restore and increase the quality of habitat for Quino checkerspot butterfly (MSP Category SL [Species at risk of loss from the Management Strategic Plan Area]) near Minnewawa Truck Trail through seasonal road closure, seeding, and planting within suitable Quino habitat. This program addresses the immediate needs of Quino within the Otay Ranch Preserve (ORP) Dulzura Parcels where loss and degradation of existing Quino habitat has occurred due to vehicles, an increase of invasive plants, and drought. The objectives to reach these goals include 1) container plant installation, 2) seeding, 3) watering, 4) erosion control, 5) removable bollard and sign installation, 6) photographic monitoring, 7) quarterly reports, 8) final report. The methodologies used in this proposal are like those used to successfully restore 6 acres of Quino habitat in the ORP San Ysidro Parcels (CDFW Local Area Assistance Grant), 14.28 acres located in the ORP Salt Creek Parcels for the City of Chula Vista Quino Checkerspot Recovery Program, and 5 acres on USFWS Refuge property for the Quino Checkerspot Augmentation Project. This project is consistent with the management and monitoring approach prescribed in SDMMP’s Management and Monitoring Strategic Plan (MSP Vol. 2D, Page V2D.2-6).
This project is partially funded by SANDAD TransNet Land Management Grant #S1125469.
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Pollinator Monitoring Plan
Declines of insects are being reported worldwide and includes several pollinator species in California. With reduced abundances and loss of species, there is a possibility that the ecosystem function of pollination is being compromised. The most common pollinators are Hymenoptera (bees and wasps), Coleoptera (beetles), Diptera (flies), and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths). Overall, about 87 percent of plant species are pollinated by insects. San Diego Association of Governments TransNet Environmental Mitigation Program's Regional Management and Monitoring 2021-2022 and 2023-2024 workplans include objectives to improve wildlife movement. These objectives are based on the San Diego Management and Monitoring Program's Management and Monitoring Strategic Plan for Conserved Lands in Western San Diego County (MSP Roadmap; SDMMP and TNC 2017). Objectives for 2022-2026 are to prepare and implement a monitoring plan to survey pollinator communities and assess ecological integrity of pollinator functions in coastal sage scrub, chaparral, forblands and grasslands across the MSP Area. This project will prepare pollinator data in 2021 for analysis in 2022 and development of a pollinator monitoring pilot study plan in 2023 to be implemented in 2024. This plan is being prepared in conjunction with a coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and grassland vegetation monitoring plan. Pollinator sampling locations will be co-located at vegetation sampling plots.
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Population Genetic Analysis of 6 Rare Plant Species in San Diego County
The first phase (years 1-2) of this research task focused on genetic and cytological screening to determine potential ploidy and population genetic differences among occurrences within species. Upon completion, an expert panel convened to review results of the genetic studies and develop specific recommendations for each species relative to the MSP management objectives planned for that species. These recommendations included designing appropriate common garden or reciprocal transplant studies to determine the fitness consequences of using seed from different populations to increase population size or establish new occurrences. The recommendations also addressed MSP objectives involving seed banking and seed bulking needs for each species. The expert panel also made recommendations on genetic management of populations, including whether genetic connectivity needs to be enhanced or restored to maintain or increase genetic diversity. Recommended and approved studies will be added in the second phase (beginning in year 3). The following questions were specifically addressed in phase 1:
1. What is the status of documented occurrences?
2. Is there evidence of mixed ploidy levels among or within occurrences?
3. What is current genetic structure among and within occurrences in the MSPA? How vulnerable are the occurrences to genetic drift and loss of genetic diversity and is there gene flow between occurrences?
4. Are there signatures of genetic bottlenecks or lower genetic diversity in populations that have undergone recent reductions due to fire, drought, or other causes, or evidence of local adaptation?
5. Based on the cytological and genetic analysis, what are the recommendations for common garden and reciprocal transplantations, for collecting, bulking and distributing seeds for enhancing existing occurrences, and for establishing new occurrences?
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Prioritizing Conserved Areas Threatened by Wildfire and Fragmentation for Monitoring and Management
In many parts of the world, the combined effects of habitat fragmentation and altered disturbance regimes pose a significant threat to biodiversity. This is particularly true in Mediterranean-type ecosystems (MTEs), which tend to be fire-prone, species rich, and heavily impacted by human land use. Given the spatial complexity of overlapping threats and species' vulnerability along with limited conservation budgets, methods are needed for prioritizing areas for monitoring and management in these regions. We developed a multi-criteria Pareto ranking methodology for prioritizing spatial units for conservation and applied it to fire threat, habitat fragmentation threat, species richness, and genetic biodiversity criteria in San Diego County, California, USA. We summarized the criteria and Pareto ranking results (from west to east) within the maritime, coastal, transitional, inland climate zones within San Diego County. Fire threat increased from the maritime zone eastward to the transitional zone, then decreased in the mountainous inland climate zone. Number of fires and fire return interval departure were strongly negatively correlated. Fragmentation threats, particularly road density and development density, were highest in the maritime climate zone, declined towards the east, and were positively correlated. Species richness criteria showed distributions among climate zones similar to those of the fire threat variables. When using species richness and fire threat criteria, most lower-ranked (higher conservation priority) units occurred in the coastal and transitional zones. When considering genetic biodiversity, lower-ranked units occurred more often in the mountainous inland zone. With Pareto ranking, there is no need to select criteria weights as part of the decision-making process. However, negative correlations and larger numbers of criteria can result in more units assigned to the same rank. Pareto ranking is broadly applicable and can be used as a standalone decision analysis method or in conjunction with other methods.
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Rare Butterfly Management Studies- Transloaction 2016
Our research has documented several extirpations due to the 2003 and 2007 wildfires, but few recolonizations despite what appears to be suitable habitat. Although a few small populations exist within and north of the city of San Diego, the majority of Hermes copper individuals are found to the east and southeast of the city between the footprints of 2003 and 2007 fires. Due to the extremely restricted distribution, the species is highly vulnerable since one large fire could push the species to the brink of extinction. Recolonization into post-wildfire habitats is essential for the long-term persistence of Hermes copper; however, it appears that habitat fragmentation is limiting dispersal and preventing recolonizations from occurring.
For these reasons, we initiated a project to evaluate translocation as a management tool for establishing self-sustaining Hermes copper populations. If successful, this could be a potential management tool to mitigate the impacts of wildfire. We translocated Hermes copper from larger populations to an area that was occupied by Hermes copper prior to a recent (2007) wildfire. In addition, key members of the vegetation community, including spiny redberry and California buckwheat shrubs were still present after the fire. The success of translocation of adults and eggs was assessed separately.
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San Diego County Harbison's Dun Skipper (Euphyes vestris harbisoni) Habitat Conservation and Management Plan
This plan provides a summary of what is known regarding the Harbison's dun skipper, including life
history, historic and current distribution, movement patterns, suitable habitat, and threats. A thorough
understanding of the species is necessary to make appropriate adaptive management recommendations
in an attempt to alleviate the current threats to the species. To develop this plan, we:
1. Reviewed existing data, including historic Harbison's dun skipper locations, recent (2013-2017)
survey data, property ownership to identify conserved lands for potential surveys, management,
and acquisitions, and
2. Consulted with the wildlife agencies and other stakeholders to ensure that the most current
information regarding Harbison's dun skipper biology, management, regulations, conserved
lands, and potential acquisitions were included.
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SAN DIEGO THORNMINT ENHANCEMENT PROJECT
Project will expand and enhance three populations of San Diego thornmint (ACIL) on San Diego Habitat Conservancy managed properties. Project main goals are to improve ACIL habitat, and increase the ACIL seed bank to reduce the likelihood of extirpation. This project is partially funded by SANDAG TransNet EMP Land Management Grant #S1125501.
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San Dieguito Citizen Science Monitoring Program
The San Dieguito River Valley Conservancy (SDRVC) developed the San Dieguito Citizen Science Monitoring Program as a sustainable, cost-effective, and scientifically valid approach to gather critical data on lands within the San Dieguito River Park Focused Planning Area. This program seeks to fill knowledge gaps on the diversity, population, movements and spatial ecology of species within the watershed to better inform future land acquisitions, adaptive land management, habitat and species restoration, educational initiatives and future research. One of the main objectives of this program is to gather data that is consistent and shared with other regional planning efforts being coordinated by the San Diego Management & Monitoring Program. Data collected is submitted to regional databases and will help meet the management goals and objectives identified in the Management & Monitoring Strategic Plan. Annual expert-led surveys are carried out by volunteer citizen scientists following approved protocols and encourage community involvement and engagement.
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SDMMP Summary of Achievements 2008-2024
As a program, SDMMP has regionally monitored 52 species and regionally surveyed 68 species across all taxa; monitored and/or mapped 8 vegetation communities; and modeled, assessed, and mapped 8 threats and stressors. Additionally, the SDMMP has completed 27 genetic studies, 80 research studies, 18 habitat models, and interacted with more than 75 partner groups. The table provided breaks down management and monitoring tasks that have been completed by species, vegetation community, and threats.
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Small Vertebrate Underpass Study
In 2012, the small animal connectivity study began as part of Connectivity Monitoring Strategic Plan (CMSP) developed by the San Diego Monitoring and Management Program (SDMMP). There were three main objectives in this study. First, to determine which groups of small vertebrates are currently using or avoiding these wildlife underpasses and understand how these behaviors may be predicted by life history characteristics. Secondly, to investigate the effectiveness of adding cover structures to underpasses as a way to enhance small vertebrate use of underpasses. Third, to evaluate the extent to which larger vertebrates often used as focus species in connectivity studies in the region act as indicators of use by small vertebrate species.
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SR 94 Wildlife Infrastructure Plan
Proposed road improvements to SR 94 provide an opportunity to mitigate the potential barrier effects of the highway. This project identifies where improvements to existing infrastructure on SR-94 could improve connectivity across the South County preserves, using Best Management Practices from the scientific literature; recommends wildlife movement monitoring to identify where new crossings are needed; and identifies where additional conservation would enhance the integrity of South County linkages. The review prioritizes infrastructure improvements of 35 existing undercrossings inspected by wildlife experts in the field along 14.6 miles of SR-94 where the highway bisects conserved lands. The majority of the recommendations for infrastructure improvement focus on increasing the diameter, and thus the openness ratio (cross-sectional area divided by length), of the undercrossing itself, removing vegetation and debris blocking the undercrossing, restoring habitat in the approach to the undercrossing, and installing fencing to both (1) keep animals off the highway and (2) funnel wildlife to the undercrossings.
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SR-67 Multi-species Connectivity Planning
A comprehensive multi-species analysis of connectivity for the area surrounding SR-67 in central San Diego County. Multiple modeling approaches are being applied to develop a wildlife crossing infrastructure plan for SR-67 and to design landscape linkages at the subregional level. This analysis directly address functional connectivity within the study area.
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West Bernardo Mountain HMA Enhancement & Restoration
Project goals are to enhance and restore coastal sage scrub and cactus scrub habitat on the southwest slope of Bernardo Mountain near Lake Hodges. Partially funded by the SANDAG TransNet Environmental Mitigation Program. Contract Number: S1125508
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