Barrett Dam
Photo Credit: Emily Perkins, SDMMP
Goal: Reduce the impact of urban runoff and aseasonal flow on the highest priority MSP species and riparian habitat so that species can presist over the long term (>100 years) in areas upstream and downstream of urban land uses.
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Continue USGS research study using STIC sensors to measure water temperature and presence in chosen stream channels. The final report should include an analysis investigating the relationship between upstream urban land uses and the number of days with water present. The data should be available in a format that will aid the creation of a hydrologic management plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Monitor STIC sites on a regular basis to capture stream data and necessary covariate data. | In progress | Urban Aseasonal Flow Study |
| RES-2 | Analyze data and covariates to invesigate the relationship between stream conditions and watershed land use. | In progress | Urban Aseasonal Flow Study |
| RES-3 | Submit project metadata and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action | Urban Aseasonal Flow Study |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Final report of STIC data and analysis | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Prepare a comprehensive hydrologic management plan to address aseasonal flow. The plan should incorporate information from the STIC analysis including identification of priority streams and management actions that will reduce water flow or the effects to MSP species and riparian habitat created by aseasonal flow
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Use information from previous studies to identify priority locations and actions to mitigate aseasonal flow. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | Submit comprehensive hydrologic management plan to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Comprehensive management plan outlining next steps of management | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2017, implement BMPs identified in the literature and approved management plans for altered hydrology to improve conditions for MSP species.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit Metadata, data, and management actions to MSP web portal. | available for implementation |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11
From 2017-2018, support the existing efforts to restore the El Monte ponds and any other on-going habitat restoration projects for the benefit of nesting tricolored blackbird. This objective to be incorporated into the Tricolored Blackbird Management Plan after 2018.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, data, and annual reports documenting project methods and results to the MSP Web Portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Restoration of El Monte ponds implemented for Tricolored Blackbird | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11
From 2017 to 2021, support statewide survey efforts for Tricolored blackbird held every 3 years.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RSUP-1 | Submit monitoring data and management recommendations to MSP web portal | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Participate in Surveys every 3 Years | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2017, annually inspect suitable nesting habitat at current and historically occupied sites (see occurrence table) to determine management needs (including need for additional water) taking care not to disturb nesting tricolored blackbirds, and use a regional IMG monitoring protocol to collect covariate data on human activities and other threats to determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Conduct regional IMG monitoring protocol surveys to determine management needs (including need for additonal water) taking care not to disturb nesting tricolored blackbirds, | available for implementation | Tricolored Blackbird (Agelaius tricolor) Surveys |
| IMP-2 | Based upon threat evaluation, determine if routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-3 | Submit monitoring data and management recommendations to MSP web portal | available for implementation | Tricolored Blackbird (Agelaius tricolor) Surveys |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual IMG monitoring of Tricolored Blackbird completed | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2017, conduct routine management actions identified through the IMG regional protocol monitoring.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing, signage, and enforcement and adding additonal water to ponded sites. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP web portal. | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11
In 2018, prepare a management plan for tricolored blackbird that prioritizes management actions to protect nesting sites from disturbance and enhances habitat using data from annual IMG monitoring.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Prioritize management actions, focusing on reducing threats and expanding occurrences in areas most likely to remain viable over the long-term in the context of future land development. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-2 | Develop an implementation plan for tricolored blackbird that prioritizes management actions for the next five years. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-3 | Submit management plan to MSP web portal | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management Plan for Tricolored Blackbird prepared by 2019 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2019, implement the highest priority management actions for tricolored blackbird on Conserved Lands.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Management actions to be determined by the management plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project data and management actions to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management actions implemented for Tricolored Blackbird | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2019, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for tricolored blackbird on Conserved Lands
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit monitoring data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring Completed within one year of management actions and Report Submitted | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Annually inspect known areas occupied by arroyo toad to identify and reduce threats that can be managed at the local scale including road crossings, illegal encroachment, off-road vehicle use, non-native plants, trash dumping, grazing by livestock, and incompatible human recreation. Where possible, restrict access to arroyo toad upland and breeding habitats to help prevent disturbance to all arroyo toad life history stages (eggs, larvae, metamorphs and adults). Activities should be restricted in upland habitat year-round and in breeding habitat during the core of the breeding season (March to July).
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Using a regional "IMG" monitoring protocol, annually inspect significant Arroyo toad occurrences to assess status and quantify potential threats to determine management needs. AID_20161229_1831_100 | Available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Roads should be examined for high risk areas for arroyo toad crossing and use. Only slow moving vehicles (<5mph) with an occupant experienced in arroyo toad identification should be allowed on high risk roads after sunset (Zimmitti and Mahrdt 1999). | Available for implementation | |
| IMP-3 | An education program should be implemented that promotes the value of the arroyo toad and informs the public of restrictions and the importance of not disturbing the wildlife. | Available for implementation | |
| IMP-4 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | Available for implementation | |
| IMP-5 | Submit monitoring and management recommendations to the MSP web portal | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual IMG monitoring of Arroyo toad completed | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2018, conduct routine management actions for arroyo toad identified through the IMG regional protocol monitoring, including protecting populations from detrimental human use (e.g. ORV, trampling, altered hydrology), removing invasive plants, and removing aquatic predators and exotic species (which compete and/or prey on arroyo toads, primarily young) within the known arroyo toad habitat.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from human disturbance, controlling invasive plants, and removing invasive aquatic animals. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal. | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2020 and 2021 (assuming adequate rainfall levels), conduct comprehensive arroyo toad surveys using USGS survey protocols throughout the MSPA on Conserved Lands in known occupied and potential habitat to determine current distribution and status of arroyo toad, collect data on threats and habitat covariates, and identify management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | Survey known occupied and potantial habitat on Conserved Lands across the MSPA to determine the distribution and abundance of arroyo toad on Conserved Lands. | Available for implementation | |
| SURV-2 | Collect data on threats and identify management needs to support self-sustaining occurrences. | Available for implementation | |
| SURV-3 | Continue to collect genetic samples from all arroyo toads captured. | Available for implementation | |
| SURV-4 | Submit survey data and management recommendations to MSP web portal | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Comprehensive surveys completed for Arroyo toad by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2017, continue to convene with the working group of land managers, scientists, wildlife agencies, and local biologists knowledgeable in arroyo toad to review existing conditions of known occurrences on Conserved Lands, to prepare a plan for management of arroyo toad which considers each site, and to develop a regional monitoring strategy.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Convene working group meetings to review existing conditions of known occurrences. | in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Use habitat models developed by USGS and results from survey and genetic analyses to identify suitable areas for long-term management. | in progress | |
| PRP-3 | Conduct site visits as necessary to identify appropriate management actions. | in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an arroyo toad management plan. The plan should prioritize management actions for the next five years and detail tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, timelines, and budgets. | in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Submit management plan to MSP web portal | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Arroyo toad management plan completed by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2018, implement high priority actions identified in the Arroyo Toad Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, management actions and report to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| High priority management actions implemented for Arroyo toad | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2018, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for the arroyo toad.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of implementing high priority arroyo toad management actions determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2018, establish program and permits to allow emergency management actions for the arroyo toad during or immediately following wildfire events, such as implementation of emergency rescue and temporary translocation, to protect from potential loss or extirpation.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Develop protocols, monitoring standards, and permit process for the rescue of Southwestern pond turtles during wildfire events. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildfire rescue program established for Arroyo toad in 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2019, implement arroyo toad rescue program during wildfire events to protect from loss and/or extirpation.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit management data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildfire rescue program implemented for Arroyo toad | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2019, monitor the effectiveness of arroyo toad rescue programs following wildfire events, including both translocation or re-introduction efforts.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit monitoring data and report to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring of post fire rescue programs for Arroyo toad implemented | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
From 2017 to 2021, implement post fire management actions to ensure the recovery of arroyo toad at occupied sites following wildfire events, including invasive plant and animal control, debris/sediment removal, erosion control or other management actions as needed following a fire.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Implement needed management actions as determined through BAER or other post fire surveys. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Post fire management actions implemented following wildfire events | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
From 2017 to 2021, monitor stream conditions and the effectiveness of management actions implemented to assist in recovery of arroyo toad for 3 years following wildfire events.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Monitor stream flows and water quality post fire, document recovery of arroyo toad populations and habitat, and effectiveness of any management actions for first 3 years after fire. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring of post fire management actions, stream conditions, and population status for arroyo toads implemented for 3 years post fire | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2017-2018, finalize the results of research begun in 2015 on pallid bats to identify nocturnal, diurnal, and maternity roosts, foraging areas, and water sources associated with roosts in order to identify seasonal and annual changes in use and important foraging areas, and monitor reproductive status. Collect habitat covariates associated with roosting and foraging habitat, assess threats to bats at all preserves where they occur, and develop management recommendations.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Submit project metadata, survey data, and report with management recommendations to the MSP web portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Pallid Bat Surveys and Reports Completed in 2017. | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2018-2019, prepare a management plan for pallid bat that prioritizes management actions to protect roosts from disturbance, ensures sufficient roosts for seasonal temperature requirements and for reproduction, and enhances foraging habitat using data from annual roost monitoring and recommendations from the pallid bat research study.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Prioritize management actions, focusing on reducing threats and expanding occurrences in areas most likely to remain viable over the long-term in the context of future land development. | available for implementation | Pallid Bat Surveys - Sweetwater Marsh |
| PRP-2 | Develop a management plan for pallid bat that prioritizes management actions for the next five years. | waiting for precedent action | Pallid Bat Surveys - Sweetwater Marsh |
| PRP-3 | Identify areas where pallid bat and Townsend?s big-eared bat management can be complimentary. | waiting for precedent action | Pallid Bat Surveys - Sweetwater Marsh |
| PRP-4 | Submit management plan to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action | Pallid Bat Surveys - Sweetwater Marsh |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management Plan for Pallid bat prepared by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2020, implement highest priority management actions for pallid bats on Conserved Lands.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Management actions to be determined by the implementation plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project data and management actions to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management actions implemented for Pallid bat | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2020, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for pallid bats on Conserved Lands.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit monitoring data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of Implementing Pallid Bat High Priority Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 5
In 2018, inspect occurrences of alkali playa MSP VF plant species (i.e., Coulter's saltbush, Parish's brittlescale, southern tarplant) on Conserved Lands using the regional IMG monitoring protocol to record abundance and collect habitat and threat covariate data to determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | on hold | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed 2018 with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 5
In 2018, inspect occurrences of alkali playa MSP VF plant species (i.e., Coulter's saltbush, Parish's brittlescale, southern tarplant) on Conserved Lands using the regional IMG monitoring protocol to record abundance and collect habitat and threat covariate data to determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | on hold | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed 2018 with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Beginning in 2018, conduct annual qualitative surveys during the wet season to determine the presence of San Diego fairy shrimp in vernal pools on Conserved Lands. Every 3 years conduct dry season quantitative cyst soil sampling at a rotating panel of vernal pools to determine the density of San Diego fairy shrimp cysts, as identified by genetic analysis. Use methods and protocols specified in the City of San Diego Vernal Pool Management and Monitoring Plan (VPMMP; 2015) . Determine whether the pools fall into Level 1 (stable), Level 2 (enhancement) or Level 3 (restoration) management categories based on the presence of shrimp among pools in each complex and track increases or declines in cyst densities over 3 monitoring years to determine if movement is triggered between management categories as identified in the VPMMP. If there is sufficient decline in San Diego fairy shrimp cyst density to trigger an increase in management levels as identified in the VPMMP, then more intensive monitoring is required to determine topographic or hydrologic disturbances as described in the VPMMP.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, datasets, and monitoring reports with management and Monitoring recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual Qualitative Surveys Conducted for San Diego Fairy Shrimp and Quantitative Cyst Sampling Every 3 Years with Reports Completed | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
For at least the first 3 years following a wildfire, implement management actions identified by postfire monitoring as necessary to protect and rehabilitate high quality cactus scrub to allow for recovery of coastal cactus wren occurrences affected by the wildfire.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Implement management actions to restore cactus scrub habitat destroyed by wildfire. These management actions may include planting large >1m cactus to create nesting and roosting habitat for immediate postfire use by cactus wrens, planting pads and segments to improve habitat over the longer term, and to seed or plant native shrubs and forbs as needed to enhance habitat suitability and increase available arthropod food resources (use recommendations from the Coastal Cactus Wren Demography, Vegetation and Arthropod Study). Control invasive nonnative plants to =20% absolute cover to reduce postfire invasion of nonnative plants and to allow postfire recovery of native plants by reducing competition for water and light. Control erosion and human use impacts while habitat is recoverying. | On hold | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management actions to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| At Least 3 Years of Postfire Management in Priority Cactus Wren Habitats | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
Management units: 5, 6
In 2018, inspect occurrences of alkali playa MSP VF plant species (i.e., Coulter's saltbush, Parish's brittlescale, southern tarplant) on Conserved Lands using the regional IMG monitoring protocol to record abundance and collect habitat and threat covariate data to determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | on hold | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed 2018 with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2017-2019, continue the 5-year breeding bird study begun by USGS in 2015 of southwestern willow flycatcher in the San Luis Rey River and other drainages to determine the status in the MSPA and impacts to riparian habitat from SHB/Fusarium complex and other threats. Prepare site-specific management recommendations based on survey results.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Submit monitoring data and management recommendations to MSP web portal | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Surveys and Reports Completed by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2020-2021, prepare a management plan for southwestern willow flycatcher based on survey recommendations and that includes provisions for reducing potential impacts of SHB/Fusarium infestation in occupied or potential habitat. Incorporate SHB/Fusarium monitoring results into the management plan, particularly along the San Luis Rey River.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Prioritize management actions, focusing on reducing threats and expanding occurrences in areas most likely to remain viable over the long-term in the context of future land development. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-2 | Develop an implementation plan for southwestern willow flyycatcher that prioritizes management actions for the next five years. | Available for implementation | |
| PRP-3 | Submit management plan to MSP web portal | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management Plan for Southwestern Willow Flycatcher prepared by end 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2021, implement the highest priority management actions for southwestern willow flycatcher on Conserved Lands.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Management actions to be determined by the management plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project data and management actions to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management actions initiated for Southwestern Willow Flycatcher | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2021, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for southwestern willow flycatcher on Conserved Lands
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit monitoring data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring completed and data and report submitting within 1 year of management actions being completed. | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, continue efforts to expand and translocate occurrences of pond turtles to increase to self-sustaining levels in MU3 in the Sweetwater and Otay River Watersheds (at SPER, RJER, and other suitable sites) and identify, expand, and translocate pond turtles in at least 2 other watersheds in the MSPA, including but not limited to the San Diego and San Dieguito Rivers. Translocation efforts may include management of invasive aquatic and plant species, providing access protection, and headstart efforts.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Conduct routine management as needed at the Sycuan Peak ER occurrence of southwestern pond turtle. | In progress | |
| IMP-2 | Conduct routine management as needed at the Rancho Jamul ER translocated occurrence of southwestern pond turtle. | In progress | |
| IMP-3 | Continue to identify, begin management of invasive species, and translocate pond turtle to at least 2 suitable locations in the San Dieguito and San Diego River (e.g. El Monte Ponds, Boulder Creek Preserve) watersheds. | In progress | |
| IMP-4 | Submit monitoring and management data to the regional MSP web portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, 2 new occurrences translocated in the San Diego and San Dieguito River Watersheds; SPER and RJER occurrences increased by 20% through recruitment from 2017 leve | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, continue monitoring the effectiveness of southwestern pond turtle translocation experiments at SPER and RJER (see Table of Occurrences) and any additional translocated occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Continue to monitor the expanded and head-started occurrence and/or habitat at SPER and RJER to document success. | In progress | |
| IMP-2 | Monitor other translocated occurrences to document success. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Southwestern Pond Turtle Translocation Monitoring and Reports Completed Annually | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, biennially inspect the existing occurrences of southwestern pond turtle to identify necessary management actions in order to support the expansion of the occurrence to self sustaining levels.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Use regional IMG monitoring protocol to assess status, habitat, and quantify potential threats. | Available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | Available for implementation | |
| IMP-3 | Submit monitoring and management data to the regional MSP web portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed every two years with management recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, conduct routine management actions identified through the IMG regional protocol monitoring, including protecting populations from disturbance, removing invasive plants, and removing aquatic predators and exotic species (which compete and or prey on western pond turtle, primarily young) within the known occupied and suitable habitat.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance, controlling invasive plants, and removing invasive aquatic animals. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
Beginning in 2018, prepare a management plan for southwestern pond turtles that includes identification of high priority management actions at sites with self sustaining populations, as well as actions to establish of at least 2 additional pond turtle populations to increase resilience to fire and other threats. Include guidance & prioritizations for next steps for translocations. The plan should include actions to manage threats from hydrology, debris, invasive animals and plants, and fire, and the creation of basking sites.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Develop a southwestern pond turtle management plan using the survey data with information on occurrence status and threats, habitat models, and management needs to determine if an appropriate location | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | The plan should prioritize management actions for the next five years and detail tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, timelines, and budgets | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-3 | Submit management plan to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management Plan for Southwestern pond turtle completed by 2018. | 2018 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
Beginning in 2019, implement highest priority management actions as identified in the Southwestern pond turtle management plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Management actions to be determined by the management plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-4 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal. | unknown |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2021, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented from the Southwestern pond turtle Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
Beginning in 2019, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for the Southwestern pond turtle.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit monitoring data and report to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
Beginning in 2018, establish program and permits to allow emergency management actions for the Southwestern pond turtle during or immediately following wildfire events, such as implementation of emergency rescue and temporary translocation, to protect from potential loss or extirpation.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Develop protocols, monitoring standards, and permit process for the rescue of Southwestern pond turtles during wildfire events. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildfire rescue program established for Southwestern pond turtle in 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
Beginning in 2019, implement Southwestern pond turtle rescue program during wildfire events to protect from loss and/or extirpation
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit management data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildfire rescue program implemented for Southwestern pond turtle | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
Beginning in 2019, monitor the effectiveness of Southwestern pond turtle rescue programs following wildfire events, including translocation or re-introduction efforts.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit monitoring data and report to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring of post fire rescue programs for Southwest pond turtles implemented | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, implement post fire management actions to ensure the recovery of Southwest pond turtle at occupied sites following wildfire events, including invasive plant and animal control, debris/sediment removal, erosion control or other management actions as needed after fire.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Implement needed management actions as determined through BAER or other post fire surveys. | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Post fire management actions implemented following wildfire events | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8
From 2017 to 2021, monitor stream conditions and the effectiveness of management actions implemented to assist in recovery of Southwestern pond turtle for 3 years following wildfire events.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Monitor stream flows and water quality postfire, document recovery of southwestern pond turtle populations and habitat, and effectiveness of any management actions for first 3 years after fire. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring of post fire management actions, stream conditions, and population status for Southwest pond turtles implemented for 3 years post fire | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3, 6
Beginning in 2018, conduct annual surveys for San Diego button-celery in occupied, historically occupied and potentially suitable vernal pools to determine cover clases in each basin and cover of each nonnative species using a standardize protocol as defined in the VPMMP (City of San Diego 2015). Nonnative cover classes will be combined to determine if management triggers for Level 1, 2 or 3 management are met. Management recommendations will be made, noting individual nonnative species that pose a threat to direct specific management actions. Management actions will be implemented annually as part of the general vernal pool habitat management objectives for different management levels (ML1, ML2, ML3).
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual Surveys Completed with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11
In 2017 and 2020, conduct host plant (San Diego sedge), adult, larval and hibernaculum surveys, and habitat assessments for Harbison's dun skipper that were initiated in 2013 in the MSPA (see Table of Occurrences) to further document the butterfly's current distribution and population size, define habitat requirements, and to assess habitat and threats at survey sites.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | Search for Harvison's dun skipper adults, butterfly hiberniculum, larvae and host plants (San Diego sedge) at known occupied habitat, historically occupied habitat and in suitable potential habitat, to determine the extent of the butterfly's range, population sizes, and to better understand habitat relationships. Use a standardized protocol to collect habitat and threats covariate data at each site for developing and prioritizing management actions. | In progress | |
| SURV-2 | Submit project metadata, datasets, analyses and report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Harbison's Dun Skipper Surveys and Reports Completed in 2018 and 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11
In 2017, prepare a 5 year Harbison's Dun Skipper Management Plan that includes the results from butterfly surveys and habitat assessments, genetic and marking studies, and climate and fire modeling to characterize habitat quality at occupied occurrences and unoccupied suitable habitat important for enhancing connectivity, expanding populations or that could serve as fire and climate refugia. The plan should include an overall management strategy, identification and prioritization of sites where management is needed, and specific management recommendations for each site. It should also include actions to reduce fire risk at prioritized occurrences and specifications for monitoring the effectiveness of implementing high priority management actions.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Work with the Butterfly Working Group consisting of species experts, scientists, wildlife agencies, land managers and other stakeholders to develop prioritized management actions. | In progress | |
| PRP-2 | Submit project metadata and Harbison's Dun Skipper Management Plant to the MSP Web Portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Harbison's Dun Skipper Management Plan Completed in 2017 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11
Beginning in 2018, implement highest priority management actions identified in the Harbison's Dun Skipper Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2022, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented from the Harbison's Dun Skipper Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11
Beginning in 2018, monitor effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the Harbison's Dun Skipper Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
In 2017, inspect Mexican flannelbush occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) using the regional IMG monitoring protocol to estimate abundance and collect covariate data on tamarisk and other types of threats, determine management needs. After 2017, repeat monitoring every 3 years, unless an occurrence is small (<100 individuals) or faces a high degree of threat, in which case monitor annually.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed 2017 and 2020 with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2017, continue routine management actions identified through the IMG monitoring that began in 2014 at Mexican flannelbush occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) . Depending on the type and level of threat, management should only be conducted as needed, not necessarily every year, and using BMPs with precautions to do no harm.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing and enforcement and controlling invasive non-native plant species =20% absolute cover. | available for implementation | San Diego National Wildlife Refuge: Mother Miguel Mountain |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP Web Portal. | available for implementation | San Diego National Wildlife Refuge: Mother Miguel Mountain |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2019, inspect Jennifer's monardella occurrences on Conserved Lands in (see occurrence table) using the rare plant IMG regional monitoring protocol to record occupancy abundance and collect covariate data to determine management needs. After 2019, repeat monitoring every 3 years, unless an occurrence faces a high degree of threat, in which case monitor annually.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | on hold | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed in 2019 with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2017, conduct routine management actions identified through the IMG monitoring at Jennifer's monardella occurrences in 2016 and 2019 on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table). Depending on the type and level of threat, management should only be conducted as needed, not necessarily every year, and using BMPs with precautions to do no harm.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities as needed, such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through enforcement and controlling invasive non-native plant species to =20% absolute cover. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP web portal | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 4, 6
From 2017-2021, inspect willowy monardella occurrences annually on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) using the regional rare plant IMG monitoring protocol to record abundance and collect habitat and threats covariate data to determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed Annually with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
Management units: 4, 6
Beginning in 2017, conduct routine management actions identified through the annual IMG monitoring at willowy monardella occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table). Depending on the type and level of threat, management should be conducted as needed, not necessarily every year, and using BMPs with precautions to do no harm.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing and enforcement and controlling invasive non-native plant species =20% absolute cover. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP Web Portal. | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
Management units: 4, 6
In 2019, survey historic willowy monardella locations to determine occurrence status; survey and delineate potentially suitable habitat for new occurrences; survey existing occurrences to identify the potential for enhancement and expansion; and at all sites collect data on occurrence status, habitat and threats and determine management needs. Conduct a hydrological evaluation at each site to determine the current hydrology and risk to existing or potential occurrences from erosion and flooding. Prioritize all evaluated sites based on feasibility of maintaining a sustainable population over the long term and recommend management needed to reduce threats to existing and potential new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | At each extant occurrence, map the extent of the occurrence, collect data on abundance, map adjacent suitable habitat for potential occurrence expansion, collect covariate data on threats including estimates of cover of invasive non-native plants and trampling. | on hold | |
| SURV-2 | Submit project metadata, habitat mapping, and a report with site prioritizations and recommendations for management based upon occurrence status, habitat and threats assessments and hydrological evaluations to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold | Assessment of Willowy Monardella (Monardella viminea) Status, Habitat, and Threats on Conserved Lands in San Diego County |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys and Report Completed by 2019 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 4, 6
In 2020, begin preparing a section for willowy monardella in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan that incorporates best science and management practices (Wall 2009, KEW 2016) to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should also include recommendations from the 2016-2017 genetic study and the 2019 baseline surveys and hydrological evaluation to guide collection and storage of seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, MCAS Miramar, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the willowy monardella section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-2 | Prepare the seed collection plan to incorporate genetic study results and with recommendations to collect seeds over multiple years and several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should have guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2020, Completed Willowy Monardella Section in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 4, 6
In 2021, begin implementing high priority actions for willowy monardella in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action | California Plant Rescue (CaPR) - San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance's Native Plant Seed Bank |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2024, =2 Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Action Completed for Willowy Monardella | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 4, 6
In 2020, begin preparing a section for willowy monardella in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain the large occurrence and enhance at least 4 small occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status, habitat and threats. Prepare prioritized management recommendations to re-establish historic occurrences or new occurrences in suitable habitat, if determined to be necessary for gene flow and to maintain self sustaining populations for the long term persistence of the species in the MSPA. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, MCAS Miramar, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for the willowy monardella section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to willowy monardella occurrences. | waiting for precedent action | Assessment of Willowy Monardella (Monardella viminea) Status, Habitat, and Threats on Conserved Lands in San Diego County |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence status, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for willowy monardella that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | waiting for precedent action | Assessment of Willowy Monardella (Monardella viminea) Status, Habitat, and Threats on Conserved Lands in San Diego County |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action | Assessment of Willowy Monardella (Monardella viminea) Status, Habitat, and Threats on Conserved Lands in San Diego County |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2020, Completed Willowy Monardella Section in MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 4, 6
In 2021, begin implementing highest priority management actions identified for willowy monardella in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management datasets, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action | Assessment of Willowy Monardella (Monardella viminea) Status, Habitat, and Threats on Conserved Lands in San Diego County |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2024, =2 High Priority Management Action Implemented for Willowy Monardella from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 4, 6
In 2021, monitor effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the willowy monardella section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 4, 6
Beginning in 2018, conduct a post fire evaluation of hydrological processes at willowy monardella occurrences following a fire to determine risks from erosion and flooding and prepare a report with prioritized management recommendations to reduce risk to population persistence and sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| MON-1 | Submit project metadata, datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Willowy Monardella PostFire Hydrological Evaluation Completed and Report Submitted by 6 Months Post Fire | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 4, 6
Implement recommendations identified for willowy monardella from the post fire hydrological evaluation.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit management data to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2 Years Post fire, High Priority Management Actions Implemented for Willowy Monardella from the Post Fire Hydrological Evaluation | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 4, 6
Monitor effectiveness of implementation of highest priority management actions identified in the willowy monardella post fire hydrological evaluation.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of Post Fire High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
Management units: 2, 3, 6
Beginning in 2018, conduct annual surveys for spreading navarretia in occupied, historically occupied and potentially suitable vernal pools to determine cover clases in each basin and cover of each nonnative species using a standardize protocol as defined in the VPMMP (City of San Diego 2015). Nonnative cover classes will be combined to determine if management triggers for Level 1, 2 or 3 management are met. Management recommendations will be made, noting individual nonnative species that pose a threat to direct specific management actions. Management actions will be implemented annually as part of the general vernal pool habitat management objectives for different management levels (ML1, ML2, ML3).
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual Surveys Completed with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2018, conduct annual surveys for California Orcutt grass in occupied, historically occupied and potentially suitable vernal pools to determine cover clases in each basin and cover of each nonnative species using a standardize protocol as defined in the VPMMP (City of San Diego 2015). Nonnative cover classes will be combined to determine if management triggers for Level 1, 2 or 3 management are met. Management recommendations will be made, noting individual nonnative species that pose a threat to direct specific management actions. Management actions will be implemented annually as part of the general vernal pool habitat management objectives for different management levels (ML1, ML2, ML3).
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual Surveys Completed with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2021, develop a long-term Wandering Skipper Monitoring Plan to track their distribution and status, habitat associations and level of threats in salt marsh vegetation on Conserved Lands in the MSPA. The plan should integrate with the Salt Marsh Vegetation Monitoring Plan to include sampling at long-term vegetation monitoring plots. The monitoring plan should build upon previous surveys, habitat assessments and modeling to develop specific questions, monitoring methods, a statistically valid sampling design, sampling locations, and standardized protocols for determining the status and abundance of the butterfly and for assessing habitat and threats at each sampling site to determine vegetation management needs. The plan should include guidelines for data analysis and preparation of a report with monitoring results and vegetation management recommendations.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Submit project metadata and Wandering Skipper Monitoring Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wandering Skipper Monitoring Plan completed by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2019, develop a regional, long-term monitoring plan to integrate habitat assessment and threat evaluations into the Belding's savannah sparrow population monitoring conducted by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife on Conserved Lands in the MSPA. Develop a sampling design and standardized protocol to assess habitat and threats at occupied, historically occupied and suitable unoccupied habitats for the sparrow. Design the habitat and threats assessment to inform regional salt marsh vegetation monitoring. The purpose of the plan is to use habitat and threat monitoring data to develop site specific management recommendations to maintain, enhance or restore Belding's savannah sparrow habitat.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Coordinate with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, scientists and land managers to develop a habitat and threats assessment monitoring protocol to integrate into ongoing regional Belding's savannah sparrow population monitoring. | On hold | |
| PRP-2 | Submit project metadata and Belding's Savannah Sparrow Habitat and Threat Assessment Monitoring Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Belding's Savannah Sparrow Habitat and Threat Assessment Monitoring Plan completed by 2019 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
In 2020 or 2021, depending on timing of Belding's savannah sparrow population monitoring implemented by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, conduct habitat and threats assessment as specified in the Belding's Savannah Sparrow Habitat and Threat and Assessment Monitoring Plan and in conjunction with sparrow population monitoring on Conserved Lands in the MSPA.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, datasets, analyses and monitoring report with management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Belding's Savannah Sparrow Habitat and Threat Monitoring and Report completed by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2017-2018, finalize the results of research begun in 2015 on Townsend's big-eared bat to identify nocturnal, diurnal, and maternity roosts, foraging areas, and water sources associated with roosts in order to identify seasonal and annual changes in use and important foraging areas and monitor reproductive status. Collect habitat covariates associated with roosting and foraging habitat and assess threats to bats at all preserves where they occur and develop management recommendations.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Submit project metadata, survey data, and report with management recommendations to the MSP web portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Townsend's Big-Eared Bat Surveys and Reports Completed in 2018. | 2018 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2018-2019, prepare a management plan for Townsend's big-eared bat that prioritizes management actions to protect roosts from disturbance, ensures sufficient roosts for seasonal temperature requirements and for reproduction, and enhances foraging habitat using data from annual roost monitoring and recommendations from the Townsend's big-eared bat research study.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Prioritize management actions, focusing on reducing threats and expanding occurrences in areas most likely to remain viable over the long-term in the context of future land development. | available for implementation | |
| PRP-2 | Identify areas where Townsends big-eared bat and pallid bat management can be complimentary. | available for implementation | |
| PRP-3 | Develop a plan for Townsends big-eared bat that prioritizes management actions for the next five years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | available for implementation | |
| PRP-4 | Submit management plan to MSP web portal | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management Plan for Townsend's big-eared bat prepared by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2020, implement highest priority management actions for Townsend
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Management actions to be determined by the implementation plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management actions implemented for Townsend's big-eared bat | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Beginning in 2020, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for Townsend's big-eared bats on Conserved Lands
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, monitoring data and reports to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring data submitted to MSP web portal within one year of management actions being completed. | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 6
Beginning in 2018, conduct annual surveys for San Diego mesa mint in occupied, historically occupied and potentially suitable vernal pools to determine cover clases in each basin and cover of each nonnative species using a standardize protocol as defined in the VPMMP (City of San Diego 2015). Nonnative cover classes will be combined to determine if management triggers for Level 1, 2 or 3 management are met. Management recommendations will be made, noting individual nonnative species that pose a threat to direct specific management actions. Management actions will be implemented annually as part of the general vernal pool habitat management objectives for different management levels (ML1, ML2, ML3).
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual Surveys Completed with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2018, conduct annual surveys for Otay mesa mint in occupied, historically occupied and potentially suitable vernal pools to determine cover clases in each basin and cover of each nonnative species using a standardize protocol as defined in the VPMMP (City of San Diego 2015). Nonnative cover classes will be combined to determine if management triggers for Level 1, 2 or 3 management are met. Management recommendations will be made, noting individual nonnative species that pose a threat to direct specific management actions. Management actions will be implemented annually as part of the general vernal pool habitat management objectives for different management levels (ML1, ML2, ML3).
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual Surveys Completed with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11
In 2021, conduct Engelmann oak woodland monitoring as part of implementation of the Oak Woodland Vegetation Monitoring Plan on Conserved Lands in the MSPA.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and reports to the MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Oak Woodland Vegetation Monitoring Plan implemented 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Herbivory/predation | |
| Invasive animals | INVANI |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of ecological integrity | ECOINT |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
From 2017 to 2021, continue the existing captive rearing and release efforts for Rideway's rail implememted by the wildlife agencies.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Implement management actions specified by the wildlife agencies for recovery of light-footed Ridgway's rail. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Wildlife Agency specified management actions completed | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
From 2017 to 2021, annually inspect the existing occurrences of Ridgway's rail to identify necessary management actions in order to support the expansion of the occurrence to self sustaining levels.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Conduct regional IMG monitoring protocol survey locations and habitat, assess status, and quantify potential threats. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Based upon threat evaluation, determine if routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-3 | Submit monitoring data and management recommendations to MSP web portal | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed Annually with management recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 7
From 2017-2021, perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing, signage, and enforcement.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform management activities protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing, signage, and enforcement. | available for implementation | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to MSP web portal. | available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Beginning in 2018, conduct annual surveys for western spadefoot in vernal pools to determine distribution and status and to assess habitat conditions and threats. Management recommendations will be made and implemented annually as part of the general vernal pool habitat management objectives for different management levels (ML1, ML2, ML3).
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | On hold | Spadefoot (Spea hammondii) Tadpole Survey |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual Surveys Completed with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2018, conduct annual qualitative surveys during the wet season to determine the presence of Riverside fairy shrimp in vernal pools on Conserved Lands. Every 3 years conduct dry season quantitative cyst soil sampling at a rotating panel of vernal pools to determine the density of San Diego fairy shrimp cysts, as identified by genetic analysis. Use methods and protocols specified in the City of San Diego Vernal Pool Management and Monitoring Plan (VPMMP; 2015) . Determine whether the pools fall into Level 1 (stable), Level 2 (enhancement) or Level 3 (restoration) management categories based on the presence of shrimp among pools in each complex and track increases or declines in cyst densities over 3 monitoring years to determine if movement is triggered between management categories as identified in the VPMMP. If there is sufficient decline in Riverside fairy shrimp cyst density to trigger an increase in management levels as identified in the VPMMP, then more intensive monitoring is required to determine topographic or hydrologic disturbances as described in the VPMMP.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit project metadata, datasets, and monitoring reports with management and Monitoring recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | Available for implementation |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Annual Qualitative Surveys Conducted for Riverside Fairy Shrimp and Quantitative Cyst Sampling Every 3 Years with Reports Completed | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
Management units: 1, 6, 8
In 2017-2019, conduct surveys for least Bell's vireo and habitat assessment to compare population status and recovery in the MSPA before, during, and after SHB/Fusarium complex in infested habitat over time at the Tijuana River Valley and other sites, if funding available, such as Camp Pendelton and San Luis Rey River. Prepare site-specific management recommendations based on survey results and habitat assessments.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| SURV-1 | Submit monitoring data and management recommendations to MSP web portal | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Least Bell's Vireo Surveys and Reports Completed by 2020 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11
In 2020, if least Bell's vireo survey results indicate management is needed to reduce impacts from SHB/Fusarium infestation, then develop a management plan that incorporate SHB/Fusarium monitoring and management and prioriotize management recommendations.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Prioritize management actions, focusing on reducing threats and expanding occurrences in areas most likely to remain viable over the long-term in the context of future land development. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a management plan for least Bell's vireo that prioritizes management actions for the next five years. | waiting for precedent action | |
| PRP-3 | Submit management plan to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management Plan for Least Bell's Vireo Completed by 2021 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11
Beginning in 2021, implement the highest priority management actions for least Bell's vireo on Conserved Lands.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Management actions to be determined by the management plan. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project data and management actions to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Management actions implemented for Least Bell's Vireo | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
Management units: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11
Beginning in 2021, monitor the effectiveness of management actions implemented for least Bell's vireo on Conserved Lands
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit monitoring data and reports to MSP web portal | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Monitoring completed and data and report submitted within 1 year of management actions | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered hydrology | ALTHYD |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Human uses of the Preserves | HUMUSE |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Parasitism/disease | |
| Urban development | URBDEV |
| Metric | Condition | Trend | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
1. Hydrologic ImpairmentHydrologic Impairment Score based on dams, diversions, wells, and artificial channels |
Caution |
Unknown |
High |
2. Watershed Percent Area BurnedPercent of undeveloped subwatersheds burned over a 20-year period |
Concern |
Declining |
High |
3. Impervious SurfacesPercent of impervious surface in subwatersheds |
Concern |
Unknown |
Moderate |
4. Native versus Invasive Aquatic Species IndexCombined score of invasive and native aquatic species by subwatersheds |
Concern |
Unknown |
Moderate |
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Argentine Ant Study
The USGS conducted the experimental implementation of sampling MSP sites during wet year conditions. The project utilized a stratified sampling design and a protocol developed in 2014. A combination of GIS and field measured covariates were used to identify drivers that impact Argentine ant population dynamics. The project also included developing potential measures to make the site less or unsuitable for Argentine ants. The outcome of this study will inform management actions for experimental implementation.
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Arroyo Toad County Wide Monitoring
Surveys for arroyo toad have been conducted across San Diego County by various biologists from federal and state agencies, educational institutions, and non-governmental organizations. For over 20 years the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has been one of the agencies conducting various arroyo toad studies throughout San Diego County in collaboration with other agencies and academic partners. Since 2000, USGS has conducted various monitoring and inventory surveys to determine the status of the species on conserved lands (Brown and Fisher 2002, Ervin, Hathaway, and Fisher 2002, Meyer et al. 2003, Hitchcock, Backlin, and Fisher 2004a, 2004b, Madden-Smith Ervin, and Fisher 2005). USGS has expanded studies on the arroyo toad to assess impacts from disturbance, management operations, and naturally occurring disturbance such as wildfires and drought (Madden-Smith et al. 2003, Madden-Smith, Ervin, and Fisher 2005, Mendelsohn, Madden-Smith, and Fisher 2005, Brown et al. 2020, Gallegos et al. 2021, Hitchcock et al. 2022). USGS has also continued to refine and improve survey methods, data collection, and analysis methods to better inform status and trends, threats and stressors, and responses of arroyo toads to habitat and water management (Brehme et al. 2006, 2011, 2019).
This project builds on this previous work by USGS and partners to develop and implement a monitoring plan for arroyo toad across San Diego County.
Background:
The arroyo toad (Anaxyrus californicus) is a habitat specialist endemic to the coastal plains and mountains of central and southern California and northwestern Baja California (Jennings and Hayes 1994). It has a life span of seven to eight years (Fisher et al. 2018). The species primarily inhabits low gradient streams and rivers composed of sandy soils and containing sandy streamside terraces (Sweet 1992 and 1993, Barto 1999). Reproduction depends on availability of shallow, still, or low flow pools in which breeding, egg laying, and tadpole development occur over 65–85 days (Sweet 1992). These habitat requirements are largely determined by natural hydrological cycles and scouring flood events (USFWS 1999, Madden-Smith et al. 2003).
In 1994, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) listed the arroyo toad as endangered in response to a decline of 75% of its historic distribution within the United States (Jennings and Hayes 1994, USFWS 1994) due to extensive habitat loss, human modification to natural water flow regimes, and introduction of non-native predators. The USFWS released a recovery plan for the arroyo toad in 1999 (USFWS 1999) and reviewed its classification status in 2014, which remained as endangered (USFWS 2015). Arroyo toads were detected in 80% of the 25 his
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Famosa Slough Stormwater Treatment Pond Restoration and Enhancement
This project is designed to reduce the threat of altered hydrology and threat of loss of ecological integrity to the salt marsh vegetation community at Famosa Slough. In 2000, treatment ponds were built and vegetated at the south end of the Famosa Slough to clean all stormwater flows and retain dry-weather stormwater flows from the surrounding watershed of about 100 acres south of the Slough. The series of ponds and berms collect freshwater runoff as well as sediments, trash, and nutrients, but sediment has built up which reduces their effectiveness. The goal of this project is to restore the treatment ponds and berms and keep the dry weather freshwater and undesirable material from going into Famosa Slough, and thus reducing the risk of type conversion, and the resulting loss of ecological integrity of the strategic habitat of salt marsh vegetation community, and associated MSCP species. The treatment ponds are in urgent need of renovation to prevent the berms from failing and damaging the salt marsh habitat that is downstream. This project will remove sediment so that the dry weather freshwater is retained in the ponds rather than crossing the berm into the saltwater marsh areas, preserving the salt marsh.
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Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) Monitoring and Management Plan
Golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) face many threats in southern California. To reduce these threats and successfully conserve this species in western San Diego County, MSP Roadmap 2021-2026 objectives include the development and implementation of a Management Strategic Plan for Golden Eagles in San Diego County and a Monitoring Strategic Plan for Golden Eagles in San Diego County. These plans include general sections with background information and rationale for prioritizing and developing monitoring and management recommendations. Previously, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in collaboration with local, State, and other Federal agencies has conducted a multi-year research study of golden eagles to address questions regarding habitat use, movement behavior, nest occupancy, genetic population structure, and human impacts on eagles. From 2016-17, occupancy analyses were conducted and it was concluded that estimates of occupancy were greatest at sample sites with more rugged terrain conditions, lower human development, and lower amounts of scrubland vegetation cover (Weins et al. 2022). Tracking data from the last 10 years in the Western Unites States have shown eagles exhibit long-distance, nonroutine movements that were responsive to the updraft potential of the spatial and temporal landscape they encountered (Poessel et al. 2022). For the development of both Plans, chapters will be shaped based on the latest scientific information regarding occupancy, natal nesting success, juvenile dispersal, movement and biotelemetry, home range estimation, habitat use, and prey availability. Site-based threats assessment will be used to determine the best management practices. These plans are developed with input and guidance provided by the San Diego Golden Eagle working group, which includes include landowners and managers, scientists, species experts, and representatives from non-profit organizations, government, and wildlife agencies. Occurrence-specific management recommendations will be based on working group input and multiple years of data on Golden Eagle population status, habitat associations, and threats. These are living documents as the plans will be updated when new information becomes available or management actions are completed, and new recommendations are needed.
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Rare Plant Inspect and Manage Monitoring 2014-2026
From 2014-2026, a Management and Monitoring Strategic Plan (MSP Roadmap) monitoring objective for 30 rare plant species is to inspect occurrences to determine management needs. The inspect and manage (IMG) objective is implemented to document the status of rare plant occurrences and assess habitats and threats to develop specific management recommendations. IMG monitoring is implemented by a combination of land managers and contracted biologists in coordination with the SDMMP. Available rare plant data is posted below. New annual updates are typically posted in March. Based upon an evaluation of these data, a 2014-2026 monitoring schedule has been developed for the 30 rare plant species (attached below). Coordinating data collection across the region allows analyses of species and population trends over time and provides a better understanding of the association between habitat and threat covariates and population dynamics.
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SDMMP Summary of Achievements 2008-2024
As a program, SDMMP has regionally monitored 52 species and regionally surveyed 68 species across all taxa; monitored and/or mapped 8 vegetation communities; and modeled, assessed, and mapped 8 threats and stressors. Additionally, the SDMMP has completed 27 genetic studies, 80 research studies, 18 habitat models, and interacted with more than 75 partner groups. The table provided breaks down management and monitoring tasks that have been completed by species, vegetation community, and threats.
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USGS Southwestern Pond Turtle Management and Monitoring Study
The southwestern pond turtles (Actinimeys pallida; pond turtle) has been declining throughout its range and has been extirpated from much of coastal southern California (Bury and Germano 2008, Thomson et al. 2016). Historically, the pond turtle inhabited coastal draining streams, ponds, and lakes, fed primarily on small aquatic invertebrates and vegetation, and had no native aquatic predators (Bury and Germano 2008). However, threats to the pond turtle now include altered hydrology (dams and diversions), habitat fragmentation, direct mortality from roads and development, and predation by nonnative aquatic species (NAS) including American bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus, bullfrog) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (Brattstrom and Messer 1988, Stephenson and Calcarone 1999).
The USGS conducts research on the natural history of and threats and impacts to reptiles and amphibians in coastal southern California to understand the demography of rare and listed taxa in the region. The research aims to study the responses of the pond turtle to both threats and management actions. Specifically, USGS research seeks to understand the causes of decline of the pond turtle on conserved lands within San Diego's conserved lands and how the populations respond to management actions including pond turtle translocations and NAS removal.
Translocations of pond turtles, removal of nonnative species, habitat restoration, and restoration of connectivity have been the primary tools used for restoration of pond turtle populations within the MSPA of San Diego County, CA since 2009. In 2009, the USGS partnered with San Diego Zoo and CDFW to study the effects of removing NAS and headstarting (raising hatchlings in a controlled environment before releasing them to the wild) pond turtles at CDFW’s Sycuan Peak Ecological Reserve (SPER). In 2014, the USGS began to study translocations of adult pond turtles as a conservation tool, and 18 pond turtles were translocated from private ponds in the Pine Valley Creek watershed to ponds at CDFW’s Rancho Jamul Ecological Reserve (RJER) to evaluate the potential to restore the pond turtle to the Otay River watershed. In 2019, the USGS translocated 12 pond turtles in the San Dieguito watershed from Black Canyon to a pond near the headwaters of Scholder Creek at The Nature Conservancy’s Mesa Grande Easement with eight additional pond turtles translocated in subsequent years (Sebes et al. 2024a). USGS continues to monitor headstarted and translocated populations for recruitment, study the removal of NAS, and conduct surveys on new or remote conserved lands to find additional populations and restoration sites.
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| File name | Lead Author | Year | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14. Effects of Southern California wildfires on storm water contaminant runoff | Stein, Eric | 2013 | recording |
| Amphibian IBI and Hydrological Impact Score | Fisher, Robert N. | 2019 | powerpoint presentation |
| Arroyo toad study design for San Diego County, California | Tracey, Jeff; Brehme, Cheryl; Brown, Chris; Rochester, Carlton; Fisher, Robert N. | 2020 | powerpoint presentation |
| Aseasonal Flow and Associated Nonnative Species in San Diego: Data Summary | Brown, Chris; Perkins, Emily; Hitchcock, Cynthia J.; Aguilar Duran, Angelica; Guerra Salcido, Omar ; Watson, Elise; Fisher, Robert N. | 2020 | report |
| Assessing Presence of Argentine Ants Using the Bait Method | Matsuda, Tritia; Brehme, Cheryl; Fisher, Robert N. | 2015 | protocol |
| Assessment of Willowy Monardella (Monardella viminea) Status, Habitat, and Threats on Conserved Lands in San Diego County | 2022 | report | |
| Conservation of Northwestern and Southwestern Pond Turtles: Threats, Population Size Estimates, and Population Viability Analysis | Manzo, Stephanie; Nicholson, E. Griffin; Devereux, Zachary; Fisher, Robert N.; Brown, Chris; Scott, Peter A.; Shaffer, H. Bradley | 2021 | journal article |
| Draft Final: Associations Between Arroyo Toads, Nonnative Species, Drought, and Impervious Surfaces in San Diego County | Brown, Chris; Perkins, Emily; Hitchcock, Cynthia J.; Aguilar Duran, Angelica; Grolle, Lizzie; Watson, Elise; Fisher, Robert N. | 2020 | report |
| Effects of drought on aquatic biodiversity and the effect of landscape-scale urbanization on aseasonal flow | 2019 | powerpoint presentation | |
| Longevity and population age structure of the arroyo southwestern toad (Anaxyrus californicus) with drought implications | Fisher, Robert N.; Brehme, Cheryl; Hathaway, Stacie; Hovey, Tim; Warburton, Manna; Stokes, Drew | 2018 | journal article |
| Mitigation Ponds Offer Drought Resiliency for Western Spadefoot (Spea hammondii) Populations | Baumberger, Katherine; Backlin, Adam R.; Gallegos, Elizabeth; Hitchcock, Cynthia J.; Fisher, Robert N. | 2020 | journal article |
| Projecting the remaining habitat for the western spadefoot (Spea hammondii) in heavily urbanized southern California | Rose, Jonathan P.; Halstead, Brian J.; Packard, Robert H.; Fisher, Robert N. | 2021 | journal article |
| Range-wide persistence of the endangered arroyo toad (Anaxyrus californicus) for 20+ years following a prolonged drough | Hitchcock, Cynthia J.; Gallegos, Elizabeth; Backlin, Adam R.; Barabe, Russell; Bloom, Peter; Boss, Kimberly; Brehme, Cheryl; Brown, Chris; Clark, Denise; Clark, Elizabeth, R.; Cooper, Kevin; Donnell, Julie; Ervin, Edward; Famolaro, Pete; Guilliam, Kim, M.; Hancock, Jacquelyn, J.; Hess, Nicholas; Howard, Steven; Hubbartt, Valerie; Lieske, Patrick; Lovich, Robert; Matsuda, Tritia; Meyer-Wilkins, Katherin; Muri, Kamarul; Nerhus, Barry; Nordland, Jeff; Ortega, Brock; Packard, Robert H.; Ramirez, Ruben; Stewart, Sam, C.; Warburton, Manna; Wells, Jeffery M.; Winkleman, Ryan; Winter, Kirsten; Zitt, Brian; Fisher, Robert N. | 2022 | journal article |
| Responses of Arroyo Toads to Wildfires | Brown, Chris; Brehme, Cheryl; Hathaway, Stacie; Fisher, Robert N. | powerpoint presentation | |
| San Diego Pond Turtle Monitoring and Restoration Effort, January 2022 - December 2022 | Sebes, Jeremy; Brown, Chris; Fisher, Robert N. | 2024 | report |
| San Diego Pond Turtle Monitoring and Restoration Effort, January 2023 - December 2023 | Sebes, Jeremy; Brown, Chris; Fisher, Robert N. | 2024 | report |
| San Diego Streams Hydroperiod and Aquatic Species Study 2022 - 2024 | Williams, Dhafir; Brown, Chris; Fisher, Robert N. | 2024 | report |