Track MSP Progress


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Mountain lion Puma concolor

Goal: Enhance and expand areas occupied by mountain lion in San Diego County in large interconnected blocks (>1,000 acres) of suitable natural vegetation surrounded by a limited number of high use roads, and increase connectivity (and reduce potential road mortality) between occupied and suitable habitat areas to allow expansion and movement of mountain lion occurrences within San Diego County and adjacent counties to increase effective population size to sustainable levels and work to reduce depredation on livestock to ensure persistence in the MSPA over the long-term (>100 years).

regional NFO 2017 SL
MON-RES-SPEC PUMCON-1

Management units: 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10

In 2017, finalize efforts begun in 2016, using available regional mountain lion movement data, to develop quantitative models of mountain lion movement in the MSPA to validate likely movement patterns and to assist with linkage and land protection prioritization.

Action Statement Action status Projects
RES-1 Project metadata, data, and report submitted to MSP web portal completed Mountain Lion Connectivity and Genetics Study- North San Diego County, Mountain Lion Critical Linkage Evaluation in MSPA
Criteria Deadline year
Mountain lion connectivity model completed by 2017 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Loss of connectivityLOSCON
Urban developmentURBDEV
regional NFO 2017, 2018 SL
MON-EVAL-LINK PUMCON-2

Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10

In 2017-2018, guided by information from telemetry studies and mountain lion movement modelling, prioritize potential mountain lion crossing locations for SR 78, SR 76, SR 79, I-15, and other priority roads. For each priority crossing location, conduct detailed linkage assessments to identify existing impediments to successful crossings and recommendations for wildlife crossing infrastructure improvement (culvert maintenance, undercrossing construction, fencing, etc.) and habitat/land protection needs.

Action Statement Action status Projects
EVAL-1 Use telemetry and modelling data to inform important wildlife crossing locations along SR 78, SR 76 and SR 79 where follow up surveys will be conducted to identify specific locations and recommendations for wildlife crossing infrastructure improvements. in progress Mountain Lion Connectivity and Genetics Study- North San Diego County
EVAL-2 At each location, detailed field assessments will be performed to identify existing impediments to successful crossings, specific recommendations for wildlife crossing infrastructure improvements, and land protection needs in the area defined in order to provide for long term successful connectivity between protected lands for mountain lions and other wildlife. in progress Mountain Lion Road Crossing and Deterrent Methods Evaluations
EVAL-3 Project metadata, data, and reports submitted to MSP web portal. in progress Mountain Lion Connectivity and Genetics Study- North San Diego County
Criteria Deadline year
By 2019, linkage evaluations completed for mountain lion crossing locations for SR 76, SR 79, SR 78 and other priority roads 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Loss of connectivityLOSCON
Urban developmentURBDEV
Code Obj. code Statement
PUMCON-1 MON-RES-SPEC In 2017, finalize efforts begun in 2016, using available regional mountain lion movement data, to develop quantitative models of mountain lion movement in the MSPA to validate likely movement patterns and to assist with linkage and land protection prioritization.
regional NFO 2017, 2018, 2019 SL
MGT-PRP-LINKPL PUMCON-3

Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10

Beginning in 2017 and based on linkage assessment results, prepare Linkage Implementation Plan that outlines specific locations and recommendations for improving mountain lion and deer connectivity across SR 78, 76, 79 and other priority roads in MU s 5, 8, 9, and 10.

Action Statement Action status Projects
PRP-1 Linkage Implementation Plans will identify the locations and design criteria for needed wildlife crossing infrastructure for priority roads and highways in MUs 5, 8, 9, and 10, including locations for road under/overcrossings and barrier fences to funnel lions and other wildlife to crossing locations for priority highways and roads waiting for precedent action
PRP-2 Submit data and reports to MSP web portal. waiting for precedent action
Criteria Deadline year
Mountain lion and deer linkage implementation plan completed for MU 5, 8, 9 and 10 by 2019 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Loss of connectivityLOSCON
Urban developmentURBDEV
Code Obj. code Statement
PUMCON-2 MON-EVAL-LINK In 2017-2018, guided by information from telemetry studies and mountain lion movement modelling, prioritize potential mountain lion crossing locations for SR 78, SR 76, SR 79, I-15, and other priority roads. For each priority crossing location, conduct detailed linkage assessments to identify existing impediments to successful crossings and recommendations for wildlife crossing infrastructure improvement (culvert maintenance, undercrossing construction, fencing, etc.) and habitat/land protection needs.
regional NFO 2019, 2020, 2021 SL
MGT-IMP-LINKPL PUMCON-4

Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10

Beginning in 2019, implement linkage enhancement actions outlined in linkage evaluations and linkage implementation plans

Action Statement Action status Projects
IMP-1 As funding becomes available, implement priority wildlife crossing improvements for MU 5, 8, 9, 10 and other priority roads. waiting for precedent action
Criteria Deadline year
Management actions to improve connectivity for mountain lions and deer implemented 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Loss of connectivityLOSCON
Urban developmentURBDEV
Code Obj. code Statement
PUMCON-2 MON-EVAL-LINK In 2017-2018, guided by information from telemetry studies and mountain lion movement modelling, prioritize potential mountain lion crossing locations for SR 78, SR 76, SR 79, I-15, and other priority roads. For each priority crossing location, conduct detailed linkage assessments to identify existing impediments to successful crossings and recommendations for wildlife crossing infrastructure improvement (culvert maintenance, undercrossing construction, fencing, etc.) and habitat/land protection needs.
PUMCON-3 MGT-PRP-LINKPL Beginning in 2017 and based on linkage assessment results, prepare Linkage Implementation Plan that outlines specific locations and recommendations for improving mountain lion and deer connectivity across SR 78, 76, 79 and other priority roads in MU s 5, 8, 9, and 10.
regional NFO 2019, 2020, 2021 SL
MON-IMP-LINKPL PUMCON-5

Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10

Beginning in 2019, monitor implementation and effectiveness of linkage enhancements actions for mountain lions and other species, including mule deer.

Action Statement Action status Projects
IMP-1 Submit Metadata, data, and report to MSP web portal. waiting for precedent action
Criteria Deadline year
Monitoring data submitted to MSP web portal within one year of management actions being completed. 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Loss of connectivityLOSCON
Urban developmentURBDEV
regional NFO 2017, 2018, 2019 SL
MGT-DEV-BMP PUMCON-6

Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10

Beginning in 2017, support efforts by UC Davis Wildlife Health Center and others to test the effectiveness of various methods to deter mountain lions and other native predators from preying on livestock/domestic animals in locations where depredation permits have been issued in recent past, with the goal of reducing depredation permits by 50%.

Action Statement Action status Projects
DEV-1 Research existing predator deterrent systems for their applicability to southern California wildlife communities. in progress Mountain Lion Road Crossing and Deterrent Methods Evaluations
DEV-2 Implement quantitative pilot study to evaluate effectiveness of various methods in deterring native predators from taking livestock. in progress Mountain Lion Road Crossing and Deterrent Methods Evaluations
DEV-3 From these studies, establish a set of "Best Practices" for protecting livestock from native predators. in progress Mountain Lion Road Crossing and Deterrent Methods Evaluations
DEV-4 Support efforts in the development of outreach materials to livestock owners on proper husbandry and native predator deterrence techniques to protect livestock from native predators. in progress Mountain Lion Road Crossing and Deterrent Methods Evaluations
DEV-5 Submit project metadata, data, and BMPs to MSP web portal. in progress Mountain Lion Road Crossing and Deterrent Methods Evaluations
Criteria Deadline year
Best Practices for Reducing native predator take of domestic livestock developed and disseminated to landowners. 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Urban developmentURBDEV
regional NFO 2019, 2020, 2021 SL
MGT-IMP-BMP PUMCON-7

Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10

Beginning in 2019, implement Best Management Practices for deterring mountain lions and other predators from preying on livestock/domestic animals with the goal of reducing depredation permits by 50%.

Action Statement Action status Projects
IMP-1 Submit Metadata, data, and management actions to MSP web portal. waiting for precedent action
Criteria Deadline year
BMPs implemented to reduce mountain lion predation on domestic animals 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Urban developmentURBDEV
Code Obj. code Statement
PUMCON-6 MGT-DEV-BMP Beginning in 2017, support efforts by UC Davis Wildlife Health Center and others to test the effectiveness of various methods to deter mountain lions and other native predators from preying on livestock/domestic animals in locations where depredation permits have been issued in recent past, with the goal of reducing depredation permits by 50%.
regional NFO 2019, 2020, 2021 SL
MON-DEV-BMP PUMCON-8

Management units: 5, 8, 9, 10

Beginning in 2019, monitor the effectiveness of BMPs implemented to deter mountain lions and other predators from preying on livestock/domestic animals.

Action Statement Action status Projects
DEV-1 Implement field studies to assess effectiveness of BMPs in reducing livestock predation by mountain lions and other native predators Unknown
DEV-2 Monitor rate of depredation permits to evaluate if BMPs are having desired effect on reducing lion mortalities. Unknown
DEV-3 Submit project metadata, monitoring data and results to MSP web portal. Unknown
Criteria Deadline year
Monitoring effectiveness of BMPs implemented within one year of management actions 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Urban developmentURBDEV
Code Obj. code Statement
PUMCON-6 MGT-DEV-BMP Beginning in 2017, support efforts by UC Davis Wildlife Health Center and others to test the effectiveness of various methods to deter mountain lions and other native predators from preying on livestock/domestic animals in locations where depredation permits have been issued in recent past, with the goal of reducing depredation permits by 50%.
PUMCON-7 MGT-IMP-BMP Beginning in 2019, implement Best Management Practices for deterring mountain lions and other predators from preying on livestock/domestic animals with the goal of reducing depredation permits by 50%.
regional NFO 2020 SL
MON-PRP-MONPL PUMCON-9

Management units: 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10

In 2020, develop a long-term monitoring strategy that integrates BMPs to document mountain lion population, connectivity and distribution within the MSPA. Monitoring plan will incorporate, as feasible: 1) possible non invasive methods for monitoring genetic connectivity (scat, hair snares, tracks, etc.), 2) methods for integrating camera trap data from various sources to answer questions regarding lion movement and distribution, and 3) a regional database to track information on lion mortalities and cause (vehicle strikes, depredation permits, illegal take, etc.) to identify problem areas and to inform management actions.

Action Statement Action status Projects
PRP-1 Work with UCD to evaluate the feasibility of various mountain lion DNA testing methods (scat, hair snare, etc.) for use in future long term monitoring of genetic connectivity Unknown
PRP-2 Identify and collate data from various relevant camera trap studies (SDTT, UCD-WHC, USGS, Feral Pig Study, land managers) and evaluate how data could be integrated as part of a long term monitoring strategy for documenting mountain lion movement and distribution within the MSPA. Unknown
PRP-3 Identify existing sources for lion mortality data, conduct outreach, and work to develop a system for collating and integrating lion mortality data from various sources into the MSP Database. Unknown
Criteria Deadline year
Monitoring plan for documenting mountain lion connectivity are developed and integrated with available track and camera data from other sources to identify the level of 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Loss of connectivityLOSCON
Urban developmentURBDEV
Code Obj. code Statement
PUMCON-1 MON-RES-SPEC In 2017, finalize efforts begun in 2016, using available regional mountain lion movement data, to develop quantitative models of mountain lion movement in the MSPA to validate likely movement patterns and to assist with linkage and land protection prioritization.
PUMCON-2 MON-EVAL-LINK In 2017-2018, guided by information from telemetry studies and mountain lion movement modelling, prioritize potential mountain lion crossing locations for SR 78, SR 76, SR 79, I-15, and other priority roads. For each priority crossing location, conduct detailed linkage assessments to identify existing impediments to successful crossings and recommendations for wildlife crossing infrastructure improvement (culvert maintenance, undercrossing construction, fencing, etc.) and habitat/land protection needs.
PUMCON-3 MGT-PRP-LINKPL Beginning in 2017 and based on linkage assessment results, prepare Linkage Implementation Plan that outlines specific locations and recommendations for improving mountain lion and deer connectivity across SR 78, 76, 79 and other priority roads in MU s 5, 8, 9, and 10.
PUMCON-6 MGT-DEV-BMP Beginning in 2017, support efforts by UC Davis Wildlife Health Center and others to test the effectiveness of various methods to deter mountain lions and other native predators from preying on livestock/domestic animals in locations where depredation permits have been issued in recent past, with the goal of reducing depredation permits by 50%.
regional NFO 2021 SL
MON-IMP-MONPL PUMCON-10

Management units: 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10

In 2021, implement monitoring actions as identified in the Mountain lion monitoring plan.

Action Statement Action status Projects
IMP-1 Submit project metadata, data, and reports to MSP web portal Unknown
Criteria Deadline year
Monitoring program for mountain lions implemented by 2021 2021
Threat Name Threat Code
Human uses of the PreservesHUMUSE
Loss of connectivityLOSCON
Urban developmentURBDEV
Code Obj. code Statement
PUMCON-9 MON-PRP-MONPL In 2020, develop a long-term monitoring strategy that integrates BMPs to document mountain lion population, connectivity and distribution within the MSPA. Monitoring plan will incorporate, as feasible: 1) possible non invasive methods for monitoring genetic connectivity (scat, hair snares, tracks, etc.), 2) methods for integrating camera trap data from various sources to answer questions regarding lion movement and distribution, and 3) a regional database to track information on lion mortalities and cause (vehicle strikes, depredation permits, illegal take, etc.) to identify problem areas and to inform management actions.