This project is focused on restoring and enhancing approximately 1.4 acre of degraded habitat for San Diego thornmint (Federally Threatened / State Endangered, Narrow Endemic Covered Species under the City’s MSCP Subarea Plan, and MSP listed sensitive species [Category SO]). This program addresses the immediate needs of the San Diego thornmint within MTRP Fortuna (CNDDB EO 33; MOM OccID ACIL_4MTRP021) and (EO 35; MOM OccID 4MTRP022) where loss and degradation of existing clay lens habitat has occurred due to an increase of invasive plant species and drought. This project will benefit sensitive species and vegetation communities include herbicide treatment, fence and sign installation, native seed collection and redistribution to expand occupied habitat and introduce thornmint to new locations with suitable friable clay soil, vegetation monitoring, and focused monitoring surveys for the San Diego thornmint in the treatment areas. The methodologies used in conjunction with this proposal are similar to those used to successfully expand and increase the population of thornmint within approximately 0.5 acre at Site 1 and used to successfully increase the population of thornmint at Wrights Field. Both of these projects were formerly funded through EMP grants. In 2020 and 2021, the thornimint at both of these projects had better germination and flowering numbers than other natural populations (pers. comm. City PRD Sara Allen). This qualitative observation supports that the methods used in these two projects were successful in building more population resiliency. Due to the density of non-natives at all four of the restoration sites prior to implementation, we recommend waiting until the next growing season (Year 2) to disperse previously collected thornmint seeds. This will allow for weed control activities to be implemented later this season which will reduce the density of non-native species. Due to the increased density of thatch at site 4 since the original proposal was prepared, ESA coordinated with the City of San Diego and Foundation staff to have Park volunteers work on weed dethatching at Site 4. In December 2023, Park volunteers partially cut the thatch at site 4. Because additional dethatching effort could be completed within the existing grant budget, the Habitat West crew performed a follow up visit to site 4 and completed a further cleaning of the thatch at the site.