Goal: Maintain or enhance existing Dehesa beargrass occurrences and establish new occurrences, as needed, to ensure multiple conserved occurrences with self sustaining populations to increase resilience to environmental and demographic stochasticity, maintain genetic diversity, and ensure persistence over the long term (>100 years) in chaparral vegetation communities.
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2017 and continuing every 5 years, thereafter, continue inspections of Dehesa beargrass occurrences on Conserved Lands (see occurrence table) begun in 2014 using the IMG regional monitoring protocol to record abundance/map perimeters and collect threats and covariate data to determine management needs.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Based upon occurrence status and threats, determine management needs including whether routine management or more intensive management is warranted. | in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring datasets and management recommendations to the MSP Web Portal. | in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Surveys Completed in 2017 with Management Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2017, conduct routine management actions begun in 2014 identified through the IMG regional protocol monitoring on Conserved Lands. Depending on the type and level of threat, management should only be conducted as needed, not necessarily every year, and using BMPs with precautions to do no harm.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Perform routine management activities such as protecting occurrences from disturbance through fencing and enforcement and controlling invasive non-native plant species to less than 20% relative cover. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| IMP-2 | Submit project metadata and management data to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Routine Management Completed as Needed Based Upon Monitoring Recommendations | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
By 2017, refine BMPs for Dehesa beargrass based on results of experimental management studies currently in progress, as well as research studies. Submit all data and reports to MSP web portal.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV-1 | Refine BMPs by incorporating results of management experiments to control invasive species that threaten Dehesa beargrass populations in San Diego County (e.g., Brachypodium removal project). | In progress | |
| DEV-2 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data, reports and management recommendations to MSP web portal. | In progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| BMPs for Dehesa Beargrass Completed by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
In 2019, begin preparing a section for Dehesa nolina in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan that prioritizes management actions to maintain or expand conserved occurrences based upon an assessment of data on occurrence status habitat and threats. Minimum criteria for enhancement are to reduce invasive annual nonnative plants and thatch to less than 20% absolute cover within the occurrence
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Dehesa nolina in the Rare Plant Management Plan. | on hold | |
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Dehesa nolina in the Rare Plant Management Plan. | on hold | |
| PRP-2 | Develop a conceptual model that identifies management actions to effectively reduce threats to Dehesa nolina populations. | on hold | |
| PRP-3 | Prioritize occurrences for management based upon an assessment of occurrence status, the potential for management to significantly reduce identified threats, and the availability of adjacent suitable habitat for occurrence expansion. | on hold | |
| PRP-4 | Develop an implementation plan for Dehesa beargrass that prioritizes management actions for the next 5 years and details tasks, lead entities, responsibilities, and timelines, budgets. | on hold | |
| PRP-5 | Submit project metadata and MSP Rare Plant Management Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | on hold |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2020, Completed Dehesa Nolina Section in the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
Beginning in 2020, implement highest priority management actions identified in the Dehesa nolina section of the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Implement site-specific invasive control management actions for a minimum of 3 years to reduce invasive nonnative plants to =20% absolute cover in Dehesa nolina suitable habitat based onthe Dehesa nolina Management Plan, and results from BMP studies (e.g., Brachypodium removal project). Actions may include thatch removal and invasives control using herbicide or mechanical methods. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Based on the response of Dehesa nolina to initial management actions, determine need for (1) further invasives control and (2) additional habitat enhancement such as seeding of additional native plant species that support pollinator communities or facilitate sustainable Dehesa nolina populations by inhibiting germination and growth of invasive species. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-3 | Submit project metadata, reports and management recommendations to MSP web portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2024, =1 High Priority Management Action Implemented for Dehesa Nolina from the MSP Rare Plant Management Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
Monitor the effectiveness of highest priority management actions identified in the Rare Plant Management Plan for Dehesa nolina.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Submit metadata, management effectiveness datasets, analyses, and report to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Effectiveness of High Priority Management Actions Determined | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
In 2019, begin preparing a section for Dehesa nolina in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to preserve genetic diversity and rescue occurrences in case of catastrophic disturbance. The plan should incorporate best science and management practices (e.g., Wall 2009, KEW 2016) and provide guidelines for collecting and storing seeds over the long term at a permanent, established conservation seed bank (e.g., Institute for Conservation Research Native Plant Seed Bank, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Seed Conservation Program) and for providing a source of seeds for management purposes. The plan should include recommendations for: collecting and storing seeds for conservation banking; management oriented research; rescuing occurrences after catastrophic disturbances; and seed bulking and out-planting to augment extant occurrences or to establish new occurrences with consideration of genetic implications for population sustainability.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRP-1 | Consult the San Diego County Rare Plant Working Group working group made up of plant ecologists, geneticists, rare plant experts, land managers, restoration practitioners, seed banking and bulking practitioners, wildlife agencies, and other stakeholders to provide input and recommendations for Dehesa nolina in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-2 | Prepare a seed collection plan to collect seeds over multiple years, collect seeds several times within a season, accumulate seeds across populations, and to sample among habitats and ecological niches. Include guidelines for collecting and storing seeds along maternal lines from small occurrences (<1,000 plants) and to provide propagules to be used in management experiments, enhancement of existing occurrences, and establishment of new occurrences. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-3 | The seed collection plan should include guidelines for collecting seeds from occurrences of sufficient size to accommodate harvest and based on genetic studies as available. Include provisions for collecting seed from unconserved populations planned for development. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-4 | Include protocols and guidelines for collecting voucher specimens and submitting to the San Diego Natural History Museum (McEachern et al. 2007). | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-5 | Include guidelines for testing seeds for viability and to obtain information on dormancy and germination rates. | some occurrences are in progress | |
| PRP-6 | Submit project metadata and MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to the MSP Web Portal. | some occurrences are in progress |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| By 2019, Completed Dehesa Nolina Section in MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
In 2020, begin implementing high priority actions for Dehesa nolina in the MSP Seed Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan to collect and store seeds at a permanent seed bank and to provide propagules as needed for management oriented research, existing population enhancement and establishment of new occurrences.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| IMP-1 | Bulk seed at a qualified facility for enhancement, expansion, establishment or transplantation projects using seed from genetically appropriate donor accessions in the propagation seed bank collection. | waiting for precedent action | |
| IMP-2 | Maintain records for collected seed to document donor and receptor sites, collection dates and amounts. Submit seed collection, storage and bulking data to the MSP Web Portal. | waiting for precedent action |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Dehesa Nolina Seed Collected for Banking and Bulking Within 2 Years Post-Fire and =1 High Priority Action from the MSP Seed, Collection, Banking and Bulking Plan by 2024 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |
Management units: 3
In 2017, begin field research into soils and habitat relationships and conduct habitat suitability and climate change modeling for Dehesa nolina and other edaphic endemic plants to better understand habitat requirements and to identify and prioritize geographic areas important for connectivity, restoration, and range shifts due to climate change and other threats.
| Action | Statement | Action status | Projects |
|---|---|---|---|
| RES-1 | Test soils at potential expansion sites and compare to occupied reference sites to determine site suitability based on soils. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-2 | Prepare habitat suitability models under current environmental conditions and for different scenarios of climate change to delineate potential future habitat. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-3 | Collect covariate data on vegetation composition and cover (alliance and association-level mapping), soils, invasive plants and other threats for selected populations. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-4 | Prioritize locations for conservation, management, and future surveys based on predicted distributions and environmental correlates. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| RES-5 | Submit project metadata, monitoring data, habitat models, analyses, and report to MSP web portal. | In progress | Enhancing the Resilience of Edaphic Endemic Plants |
| Criteria | Deadline year |
|---|---|
| Refined Models and Prioritized Future Survey Locations for Dehesa nolina by 2018 | 2021 |
| Threat Name | Threat Code |
|---|---|
| Altered fire regime | ALTFIR |
| Climate change | CLICHN |
| Invasive plants | INVPLA |
| Loss of connectivity | LOSCON |